--- slug: backronym-myth passed: 2026-10-14 by: the assay line (research/assay-line/queue-1014c/), Codex fixer directed by claude-assaying-boyle-1014; source record by Codex, checked by Codex; repair review by Codex, 2026-10-14 checked: 172 confirmed: 120 wrong: 51 unverifiable: 0 observed: 0 stale: 1 --- This was the directed fixing pass over the 50 triage items in research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/triage.json, read against f5e5f84f34 and the cited evidence before editing. It fixes 39 WRONG and nine MINOR items, dates one stale JSON-LD field under the stated exception, and lists one MINOR shared-placard issue without editing it. The 120 CONFIRMED entries below retain the N2 checker's source rereads and pinned implementation observations, with their provenance stated; they do not endorse the old cutoff argument. MINOR entries count toward wrong. Literal \u2014 preserves the prohibited character in historical quotations without writing it. Repeated findings are retained because each triage item has its own disposition. Repair review, 2026-10-14: the fixed triage entries describe this layer's repairs. Two additional WRONG findings, R1 and R2, record authored copies that remain in other layers. Those copies and X33 remain open with PENDING until the directing instance supplies board note ids. X33 remains MINOR, as triage explicitly directs; its previous declined disposition did not describe an unresolved fault. The totals are 120 CONFIRMED, 41 WRONG, ten MINOR counted toward wrong, and one STALE: 172 claims and 52 findings. ## Claims - WRONG | X1: The lone English word with a genuine acronym origin before 1900 is colinda (1886). | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Wikipedia records abjud in the late eighteenth century as well as the attributed colinda claim. The unrestricted exclusivity claim is not supported. Colinda is now one example; the Wilton quotation is retained with an explicit qualification. - WRONG | X2: So any word first written down centuries earlier cannot have begun as an acronym | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - WRONG | X3: the practice didn't exist yet. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - WRONG | X4: the single documented pre-1900 English acronym-word. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Wikipedia records abjud in the late eighteenth century as well as the attributed colinda claim. The unrestricted exclusivity claim is not supported. Colinda is now one example; the Wilton quotation is retained with an explicit qualification. - WRONG | X5: Five of these words (GOLF, NEWS, FUCK, TIP, COP) are attested centuries earlier, so the date alone refutes the story. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop ; git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | Etymonline dates TIP's gratuity verb by 1706 and COP's policeman noun to 1859. Against 1886 these are 180 and 27 years, not centuries for every word. Removed the collective chronology and date-only inference. - WRONG | X6: and the cards say so. | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | Etymonline cop (v.) explicitly leaves the root uncertain and proposes French/Latin or Dutch/Frisian routes. The card, source notes and verifier now preserve that uncertainty, making the body's description of the cards accurate. - MINOR | X7: so the page can't show a verdict its own dates don't support. | git show f5e5f84f34:research/backronym-myth/verify.mjs | The pinned verifier has a separate WORDS table and never reads HTML. The page and verifier now describe checks of the embedded table, without a page-data guarantee. MINOR: no public correction line. - WRONG | X8: they're written down long before acronymic word-formation existed, and lexicographers reject the stories. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - WRONG | X9: every myth word predates 1886 by a wide margin. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh ; git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | The pinned POSH object has year 1914, type myth and verdict unproven; 1914 is after 1886. Etymonline gives by 1914 and no support for the proposed acronym. Revised the hero, universal footer sentence and legend; removed the date cutoff. - MINOR | X10: Scots gouf, from Middle Dutch colf “stick, club.” A 1457 Act of the Scottish Parliament already banned “ye golf.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/golf | Etymonline calls the Middle Dutch connection the usual proposal. Added a short qualifier in the card and verifier notes, and preserved the qualified source account. MINOR: no public correction line. - WRONG | X11: Attested by 1457 \u2014 nearly five centuries before acronyms. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - MINOR | X12: The word is two centuries older than the myth, which only appears in print in 1909. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/tip | Etymonline records the promptitude version by 1909, not a demonstrated first appearance, and the promptness wording from 1946. The card now distinguishes those attestations. MINOR: no public correction line for the first-appearance precision repair; the separate WRONG variant attribution is X39. - WRONG | X13: A clipping of copper (1846), from the verb cop “to seize, catch” (1704) \u2014 ultimately from Latin capere “to take.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop | Etymonline cop (v.) explicitly leaves the root uncertain and proposes French/Latin or Dutch/Frisian routes. The card, source notes and verifier now preserve that uncertainty, making the body's description of the cards accurate. - MINOR | X14: A Germanic word \u2014 cognates include German ficken. First clear attestation: the coded poem “Flen flyys,” c. 1475 (a 1310 court nickname is earlier but contested). | https://www.wordorigins.org/big-list-entries/fuck ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/fuck | Wordorigins calls the common root with ficken probable; Etymonline reports the OED's caution. The card now says possible relatives and the notes qualify the relationship. MINOR: no public correction line. - WRONG | X15: Centuries too old; the acronym legend is traceable online only to ~1995. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - WRONG | X16: First written down: 1941. | https://www.navy-radio.com/manuals/nrl-history.pdf#page=186 ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/radar | Read the NRL history, printed p. 170 (PDF page 186), including the reproduced directive and caption dated 19 November 1940. Changed RADAR to in official use by that date in the card, timeline, wrapper and verifier. The attributed 1941 dictionary wording remains with the earlier evidence beside it. - WRONG | X17: Coined 1941. Inside the acronym era. | https://www.navy-radio.com/manuals/nrl-history.pdf#page=186 ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/radar | Read the NRL history, printed p. 170 (PDF page 186), including the reproduced directive and caption dated 19 November 1940. Changed RADAR to in official use by that date in the card, timeline, wrapper and verifier. The attributed 1941 dictionary wording remains with the earlier evidence beside it. - WRONG | X18: First written down: 1960. | https://www.aip.org/library/birthstones-according-to-the-history-of-science ; https://history.aip.org/exhibits/laser/index.html#section4 ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/laser | AIP's May/Ruby account dates the naming to 1957; its laser exhibit describes the notebook and the November 1957 recollection. Changed the card, timeline, wrapper and verifier to 1957. The attributed 1960 dictionary wording remains with the earlier notebook evidence beside it. - WRONG | X19: A genuine acronym (1960), on the pattern of maser (1955). The real ones are all recent. | https://www.aip.org/library/birthstones-according-to-the-history-of-science ; https://history.aip.org/exhibits/laser/index.html#section4 ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/laser | AIP's May/Ruby account dates the naming to 1957; its laser exhibit describes the notebook and the November 1957 recollection. Changed the card, timeline, wrapper and verifier to 1957. The attributed 1960 dictionary wording remains with the earlier notebook evidence beside it. - WRONG | X20: Coined 1960. Inside the acronym era. | https://www.aip.org/library/birthstones-according-to-the-history-of-science ; https://history.aip.org/exhibits/laser/index.html#section4 ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/laser | AIP's May/Ruby account dates the naming to 1957; its laser exhibit describes the notebook and the November 1957 recollection. Changed the card, timeline, wrapper and verifier to 1957. The attributed 1960 dictionary wording remains with the earlier notebook evidence beside it. - WRONG | X21: First written down: 1943. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/snafu | Etymonline records the expression by 1941, the adjective in 1942 and noun sense in 1943. Changed the card, timeline, wrapper and verifier to expression by 1941; preserved the attributed noun date and explained the distinction. - WRONG | X22: Coined 1943. Inside the acronym era. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/snafu | Etymonline records the expression by 1941, the adjective in 1942 and noun sense in 1943. Changed the card, timeline, wrapper and verifier to expression by 1941; preserved the attributed noun date and explained the distinction. - MINOR | X23: Scots gouf, from Middle Dutch colf “stick, club.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/golf | Etymonline calls the Middle Dutch connection the usual proposal. Added a short qualifier in the card and verifier notes, and preserved the qualified source account. MINOR: no public correction line. - WRONG | X24: ultimately from Latin capere “to take.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop | Etymonline cop (v.) explicitly leaves the root uncertain and proposes French/Latin or Dutch/Frisian routes. The card, source notes and verifier now preserve that uncertainty, making the body's description of the cards accurate. - MINOR | X25: cognates include German ficken. | https://www.wordorigins.org/big-list-entries/fuck ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/fuck | Wordorigins calls the common root with ficken probable; Etymonline reports the OED's caution. The card now says possible relatives and the notes qualify the relationship. MINOR: no public correction line. - WRONG | X26: Each word at the year it was first written down. | https://www.navy-radio.com/manuals/nrl-history.pdf#page=186 ; https://www.aip.org/library/birthstones-according-to-the-history-of-science ; https://history.aip.org/exhibits/laser/index.html#section4 ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/snafu ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/news | The NRL directive establishes official RADAR use by 19 November 1940; AIP documents LASER naming in 1957; Etymonline records SNAFU as an expression by 1941. Corrected all three plotted dates and changed the blanket first-written labels to dated evidence. NEWS is separately approximate under X32. - WRONG | X27: The green band is the era acronyms could exist. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - WRONG | X28: Everything to its left is too old to be one. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - WRONG | X29: GOLF (1457), NEWS (1390), FUCK (1475), TIP (1706) and COP (1859) sit far to the left, centuries before the shaded acronym era that begins at 1886 | https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop ; git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | Etymonline dates TIP's gratuity verb by 1706 and COP's policeman noun to 1859. Against 1886 these are 180 and 27 years, not centuries for every word. Removed the collective chronology and date-only inference. - WRONG | X30: RADAR (1941), SNAFU (1943), SCUBA (1952) and LASER (1960) \u2014 the only genuine acronyms \u2014 sit inside it. | https://www.navy-radio.com/manuals/nrl-history.pdf#page=186 ; https://www.aip.org/library/birthstones-according-to-the-history-of-science ; https://history.aip.org/exhibits/laser/index.html#section4 ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/snafu ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/news | The NRL directive establishes official RADAR use by 19 November 1940; AIP documents LASER naming in 1957; Etymonline records SNAFU as an expression by 1941. Corrected all three plotted dates and changed the blanket first-written labels to dated evidence. NEWS is separately approximate under X32. - WRONG | X31: the acronym era (from 1886) | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - MINOR | X32: NEWS (1390) | https://www.etymonline.com/word/news | Etymonline gives late fourteenth century. Kept 1390 only as the approximate plotting position; the caption and accessible description now say late 1300s and mark the approximation. MINOR: no public correction line. - MINOR | X33: It can settle the finding; it cannot notice a figure that drifted on this page. | git show f5e5f84f34:research/backronym-myth/verify.mjs ; public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html:271 ; scripts/check-placard.mjs:125 | The embedded-table check cannot independently establish the word origins. Triage explicitly keeps this MINOR and lists it as a shared wording issue. Related board note d24c18 concerns census misclassification in another layer; the backronym-myth scope overclaim remains open pending a board note. The generated placard and shared generator are unchanged. - WRONG | X34: GOLF doesn't stand for "Gentlemen Only, Ladies Forbidden." POSH was never "Port Out, Starboard Home." Most of the famous "this word is secretly an acronym" stories share one fatal flaw, and you can catch it with a single date: a word can't be an acronym if it was written down centuries before acronyms existed. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - WRONG | X35: Sort eleven of them yourself, then watch which ones the date refutes outright and which, like POSH, it can only leave to the documentary record. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - WRONG | X36: Whether GOLF stands for 'Gentlemen Only, Ladies Forbidden' and POSH for 'Port Out, Starboard Home.' Neither does, and most of these stories fail one test: a word cannot be an acronym if it was written down centuries before anyone made words out of initial letters. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - WRONG | X37: Sort eleven of them yourself against their first-attestation dates and see which the date refutes and which, like POSH, it cannot settle. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - WRONG | X38: the single documented pre-1900 English acronym-word is *colinda* (1886). | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Wikipedia records abjud in the late eighteenth century as well as the attributed colinda claim. The unrestricted exclusivity claim is not supported. Colinda is now one example; the Wilton quotation is retained with an explicit qualification. - WRONG | X39: the "To Insure Promptness" tale only printed in 1909 | https://www.etymonline.com/word/tip | Etymonline distinguishes the 1909 promptitude account from the promptness wording recorded from 1946. Corrected the wrapper's attribution while retaining its quoted wording; the card and notes distinguish the variants. - WRONG | X40: are each attested *centuries* before acronyms could exist | https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop ; git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | Etymonline dates TIP's gratuity verb by 1706 and COP's policeman noun to 1859. Against 1886 these are 180 and 27 years, not centuries for every word. Removed the collective chronology and date-only inference. - WRONG | X41: the date alone refutes the story. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - WRONG | X42: GOLF doesn't stand for 'Gentlemen Only, Ladies Forbidden.' POSH isn't 'Port Out, Starboard Home.' Sort 11 famous 'acronym' words yourself and watch one test refute five outright: a word can't be an acronym if it's centuries older than acronyms. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - WRONG | X43: A word can't be an acronym if it's older than acronyms, which refutes five of the eleven outright and leaves POSH to the documentary record. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - WRONG | X44: A word can't be an acronym if it predates acronyms, which refutes five of the eleven; POSH (1914) it can only leave to the record. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - WRONG | X45: GOLF, POSH, NEWS, TIP, COP and more 'secret acronym' word origins, run against one test: a word can't be an acronym if it predates acronymic word-formation. That refutes five of the eleven outright; POSH, first attested 1914, is young enough that only the documentary record can settle it, and for POSH, TIP and the deeper root of COP the true origin stays uncertain. Eleven words, dated and sourced, sortable by the reader. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - STALE | X46: "dateModified":"2026-06-26" | git show 881d6d962f4:src/content/strata/backronym-myth.md ; git log f5e5f84f34 -- public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | The pinned HTML says dateModified 2026-06-26; git show 881d6d962f4:src/content/strata/backronym-myth.md records a 2026-08-01 revision. Set dateModified to 2026-10-14. JSON-LD exception: the dated Corrected lines already record this revision; no Updated line is required. - MINOR | X47: A 1457 Act of the Scottish Parliament already banned “ye golf.” | https://www.rps.ac.uk/search.php?action=fc&fn=jamesii_ms&id=2897&query=1458%2F3%2F7&type=ms ; https://www.rps.ac.uk/static/editorialintro.html ; https://flemish.wp.st-andrews.ac.uk/2015/11/20/the-flemish-and-the-game-of-golf/ ; https://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/image-library/7581 | Read the RPS act via curl: it prints ande the golf. RPS explains expanded scribal abbreviations and new-style dating. St Andrews preserves ye golf and cites PA5/6; Scotland's People dates PA5/6 to 1457. Added those citations to the source notes and page sources; quotation and conventional year unchanged. MINOR: no public correction line. - WRONG | X48: (added) These stories share one fatal flaw | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh | The pinned POSH object has year 1914, type myth and verdict unproven; 1914 is after 1886. Etymonline gives by 1914 and no support for the proposed acronym. Revised the hero, universal footer sentence and legend; removed the date cutoff. - WRONG | X49: (added) too old to be an acronym | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh | The pinned POSH object has year 1914, type myth and verdict unproven; 1914 is after 1886. Etymonline gives by 1914 and no support for the proposed acronym. Revised the hero, universal footer sentence and legend; removed the date cutoff. - MINOR | X50: (added) 11 Word-Origin Myths, Tested by Date | git show f5e5f84f34:src/content/strata/backronym-myth.md ; git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | The eleven card objects comprise six myths including POSH, one special case and four genuine acronyms. Changed the authored title to eleven word origins and checked sources; HTML title and JSON-LD name match. MINOR: no public correction line. - CONFIRMED | A backronym is a phrase invented after a word, to pretend the word was an acronym all along. | https://www.worldwidewords.org/ww-bac1.html | C001 backronym-definition. Source: "To create one, you take a word that isn’t an acronym and create a fictitious expansion for it.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | making words out of initial letters is a 20th-century habit. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym | C003 twentieth-century-habit. Source: "With the exception of cabalistic esoterica and acrostic poetry, this way of forming words was uncommon before the 20th century.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | GOLF does not stand for “Gentlemen Only, Ladies Forbidden.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/golf | C007 golf-hero. Source: "Despite what you read on the internet, golf is not an acronym (this story seems to date to 1997).". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | POSH was never “Port Out, Starboard Home.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh | C008 posh-hero. Source: "by 1914 (1903 as push), a word of uncertain origin, but there is no evidence for the common derivation from an acronym of port outward, starboard home". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Sort eleven of them yourself | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | C009 sort-eleven. The WORDS array contains eleven objects. The scoring text is "0 / 11", and the verifier partition is 5 anachronism, 1 unproven, 1 Morse, 4 genuine. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | The page makes exactly one inference, and it's mechanical | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | C010 exactly-one-inference. The page describes one classification rule. The verifier implements it in "function derive(w)" with Morse, pre-floor, evidenced, and unevidenced cases. Its historical premise is audited separately. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | a claimed acronym origin is possible only if the word was coined once acronyms existed. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym | C011 claimed-possibility. This necessary temporal condition is logically true in isolation. The cited source does not identify an earliest possible year; applying 1886 is the separate error. Source wording: "uncommon before the 20th century". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | The floor of possibility is set at 1886 | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | C012 floor-setting. The page code states "var MIN = 1300, MAX = 2000, FLOOR = 1886;". This confirms the chosen display constant, not the historical premise. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | The four selected genuine acronyms are all twentieth-century. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/radar ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/scuba ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/laser ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/snafu | C015 four-twentieth. The four lexical entries identify the expansions as acronyms; their dates, including earlier RADAR/LASER/SNAFU evidence found here, all remain in the twentieth century. Source phrases include "acronym (more or less)", "acronym for", and "from the acronym". The record's radar-only excerpt is not complete evidence for all four. Confirmation is limited to that selection; X2/X3/X27 reject the alleged historical cutoff. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | POSH (1914) is the honest hard case: it's young enough that the date can't settle it | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh | C016 posh-hard-case. Source: "by 1914 (1903 as push), a word of uncertain origin, but there is no evidence for the common derivation from an acronym of port outward, starboard home". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | so the verdict rests on the documentary record instead (no evidence, the acronym tale postdates the word, P&O denied it). | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh ; https://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-pos1.htm | C017 posh-record. Etymonline gives "a word of uncertain origin", the likely money/dandy route, and "The acronym story is attested by 1933" after "by 1914". Quinion says "P&O flatly denies any such term existed" and describes the story as appearing decades after the word. Read together, these support the compound claim. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | for POSH, TIP, and the deeper root of COP, the truth is genuinely uncertain | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/tip ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop | C018 uncertain-three. All three full entries explicitly use "of uncertain origin" or "a word of uncertain origin". The surrounding page prose preserves this uncertainty; the COP card's failure to do so is separately recorded. One COP excerpt alone does not document the other two words. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | That whole rule is re-run by a script over the dated facts | git show f5e5f84f34:research/backronym-myth/verify.mjs | C020 rule-rerun. The independent verifier applies "derive(w)" to each record in its own WORDS array. It does rerun that rule, but does not bind the page to its output. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Sources, with verbatim quotes, in research/backronym-myth/sources.md. | git show f5e5f84f34:research/backronym-myth/sources.md | C023 source-file-quotes. The named file exists at the pinned commit and contains cited quotations, including "uncommon before the 20th century". The source evidence exists even where the page overstates it. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | none of GOLF, NEWS, TIP, COP, FUCK began as acronyms | https://www.etymonline.com/word/golf ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/news ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/tip ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/fuck ; https://www.worldwidewords.org/qa-cop2.htm | C024 footer-five-not-acronyms. The individual lexical sources support all five non-acronymic origins or reject the proposed initials stories: "golf is not an acronym", "plural of new", "give, hand, pass", "abbreviation ... of earlier copper", and "urban legend". The source record's general acronym excerpt alone does not prove this collective claim. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | POSH is not “Port Out, Starboard Home.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh | C026 footer-posh. Source: "by 1914 (1903 as push), a word of uncertain origin, but there is no evidence for the common derivation from an acronym of port outward, starboard home". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | SOS is a Morse pattern, not an abbreviation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOS | C027 footer-sos. Source: "SOS, when it was first agreed upon by the International Radio Telegraphic Convention in 1906, was merely a distinctive Morse code sequence and was initially not an abbreviation. Later a backronym was created for it in popular usage, and SOS became associated with mnemonic phrases such as "save our souls" and "save our ship".". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | RADAR, SCUBA, LASER and SNAFU genuinely are acronyms. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/radar ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/scuba ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/laser ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/snafu | C028 footer-genuine. The four lexical entries identify the expansions as acronyms; their dates, including earlier RADAR/LASER/SNAFU evidence found here, all remain in the twentieth century. Source phrases include "acronym (more or less)", "acronym for", and "from the acronym". The record's radar-only excerpt is not complete evidence for all four. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | The real source of posh and tip, and the proximate route of cop, are honestly “uncertain.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/tip ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop | C029 footer-uncertain. All three full entries explicitly use "of uncertain origin" or "a word of uncertain origin". The surrounding page prose preserves this uncertainty; the COP card's failure to do so is separately recorded. One COP excerpt alone does not document the other two words. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | 1940 per OED's first English citation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym | C030 acronym-oed-date. Source: "Citations in English date to a 1940 translation of a novel by the German writer Lion Feuchtwanger .". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | 1943 per etymonline | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym | C031 acronym-etymonline-date. Source: "word formed from the first letters of a series of words, 1943, American English coinage". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | golf's first-written date (a 1457 Scots statute, or 1425) | https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/golf-carte-2/ | C032 golf-dated-dispute. Source: "Golf is an old word, one that first appeared in our written language in 1425.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | whether the 1310 court nickname Roger Fuckebythenavele counts as attestation. | https://www.wordorigins.org/big-list-entries/fuck | C033 nickname-attestation-dispute. Source: "As with those other fuck-names, it’s possible that Fuckebythenavele referred to an incident or incidents where Roger struck someone or was struck himself in the belly, but the idea that the name is some kind of reference to sexual intercourse is the more parsimonious hypothesis.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Gentlemen Only, Ladies Forbidden | https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/golf-carte-2/ | C035 golf-expansion. Source: "Gentlemen Only, Ladies Forbidden". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | First written down: mid-1400s. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/golf | C036 golf-first-written. Source: "The game is from 14c., the word is first mentioned (along with fut-bol) in a 1457 Scottish statute on forbidden games". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | etymonline: “Despite what you read on the internet, golf is not an acronym.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/golf | C039 golf-source-quote. Source: "Despite what you read on the internet, golf is not an acronym (this story seems to date to 1997).". Read against the full source: the quoted wording is supported after transparent shortening, punctuation changes, or the visible euphemism. No factual change of meaning was found; the automated literal-string flag is not treated as a content error. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | North, East, West, South | https://www.etymonline.com/columns/post/north,-east,-west,-south,-not | C040 news-expansion. Source: "News is not an acronym of "north east west south," as though "information from all quarters of the compass." That false etymology goes back at least to 1640, when it was a joke.". Read against the full source: the quoted wording is supported after transparent shortening, punctuation changes, or the visible euphemism. No factual change of meaning was found; the automated literal-string flag is not treated as a content error. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | First written down: late 1300s. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/news | C041 news-first-written. Source: "late 14c., "new things," plural of new (n.) "new thing"". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Just the plural of new \u2014 “new things” \u2014 modeled on French nouvelles / Latin nova. | https://www.etymonline.com/columns/post/north,-east,-west,-south,-not ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/news | C042 news-origin-card. The column says "probably is modeled on French nouvelles"; the lexical news entry states "after French nouvelles", rendering Latin nova. The plural of new and the French/Latin model are supported by the fuller lexical entry. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | The compass story was a joke in a 1640 jest-book before anyone took it seriously. | https://www.etymonline.com/columns/post/north,-east,-west,-south,-not | C043 news-kicker. Source: "Its original appearance in 1640 was in a jest-book, and it was repeated in jest-books throughout the 18th century, which is almost the only place you can find it then.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | etymonline: “News is not an acronym of ‘north east west south’… That false etymology goes back at least to 1640, when it was a joke.” | https://www.etymonline.com/columns/post/north,-east,-west,-south,-not | C044 news-source-quote. Source: "News is not an acronym of "north east west south," as though "information from all quarters of the compass." That false etymology goes back at least to 1640, when it was a joke.". Read against the full source: the quoted wording is supported after transparent shortening, punctuation changes, or the visible euphemism. No factual change of meaning was found; the automated literal-string flag is not treated as a content error. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | To Insure Promptness | https://www.etymonline.com/word/tip | C045 tip-expansion. Source: "The popularity of the tale of the word's supposed origin as an acronym in mid-18th century English taverns is attested by 1909 in Frederick W. Hackwood's book "Inns, Ales and Drinking Customs of Old England," where it was said to stand for To insure promptitude (in the form to insure promptness the anecdote is told from 1946).". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | First written down: by 1706. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/tip | C046 tip-first-written. Source: "by 1706, from earlier sense of "give, hand, pass" (c. 1600), a word in thieves' cant, of uncertain origin.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | The gratuity verb (by 1706) comes from older slang tip “give, hand, pass.” True deeper origin: uncertain (thieves’ cant). | https://www.etymonline.com/word/tip | C047 tip-origin-card. Source: "by 1706, from earlier sense of "give, hand, pass" (c. 1600), a word in thieves' cant, of uncertain origin.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | The Athenaeum (1909): “We deprecate the careless repetition of popular etymologies such as the notion that ‘tip’… ‘To Insure Promptitude.’” (via etymonline) | https://www.etymonline.com/word/tip | C049 tip-source-quote. Source: "We deprecate the careless repetition of popular etymologies such as the notion that 'tip' originated from an abbreviated inscription on a box placed on the sideboard in old coaching-inns, the full meaning of which was 'To Insure Promptitude.'". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Constable On Patrol | https://www.worldwidewords.org/qa-cop2.htm | C050 cop-expansion. Source: "including an acronym from “constable on patrol”, which is reminiscent of the story behind posh and quite certainly just as spurious.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | First written down: 1859. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop | C051 cop-first-written. Source: ""policeman," 1859, abbreviation (said to be originally thieves' slang) of earlier copper (n.2), which is attested from 1846, agent noun from cop (v.) "to capture or arrest as a prisoner."". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | The policeman noun is a shortening of an older word, not initials. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop | C053 cop-kicker. Source: ""policeman," 1859, abbreviation (said to be originally thieves' slang) of earlier copper (n.2), which is attested from 1846, agent noun from cop (v.) "to capture or arrest as a prisoner."". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | etymonline: cop (n.) “policeman,” 1859, abbreviation of earlier copper, agent noun of verb cop “to seize.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop | C054 cop-source-citation. The complete cop entry supplies both senses: "policeman," under the noun and "to seize, to catch" under the verb. The record excerpts only the noun paragraph; the page's combined paraphrase is nevertheless supported. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | etymonline: cop (n.) “policeman,” 1859, abbreviation of earlier copper, agent noun of verb cop “to seize.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop | C055 cop-source-quote-1. Source: ""policeman," 1859, abbreviation (said to be originally thieves' slang) of earlier copper (n.2), which is attested from 1846, agent noun from cop (v.) "to capture or arrest as a prisoner."". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | etymonline: cop (n.) “policeman,” 1859, abbreviation of earlier copper, agent noun of verb cop “to seize.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop | C056 cop-source-quote-2. The selected noun excerpt does not include "to seize". The verb entry at the very same URL does: "to seize, to catch". This is an incomplete source-record excerpt, not a substantive false quotation on the page. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Fornication Under Consent of the King | https://www.cjr.org/currents/ef-tymology.php | C057 fuck-expansion. Source: "A favorite is “fornication under consent of the king,” which is wrong. Fuck is not an acronym.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | First written down: c. 1475. | https://www.wordorigins.org/big-list-entries/fuck | C058 fuck-first-written. Wordorigins dates the Flen flyys poem to "c.1475" and calls it "The next known use" after the earlier names. The immediately adjacent card text specifies "First clear attestation" and flags the 1310 nickname as contested, so the date is assessed in that qualified context. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | etymonline: “The unkillable urban legend that this word is an acronym of some sort… [is the] result of ingenious trifling.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/fuck | C061 fuck-source-quote. Source: "The unkillable urban legend that this word is an acronym of some sort (a fiction traceable on the internet to 1995 but probably predating that), and the "pluck yew" fable, are results of ingenious trifling". Read against the full source: the quoted wording is supported after transparent shortening, punctuation changes, or the visible euphemism. No factual change of meaning was found; the automated literal-string flag is not treated as a content error. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Port Out, Starboard Home | https://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-pos1.htm | C062 posh-expansion. Source: "It supposedly stood for “Port Out, Starboard Home”.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | First written down: by 1914. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh | C063 posh-first-written. Source: "by 1914 (1903 as push), a word of uncertain origin, but there is no evidence for the common derivation from an acronym of port outward, starboard home". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | No evidence for the ship-cabin acronym \u2014 and the true origin is itself uncertain (most likely old slang posh “money”). The acronym tale postdates the word and P&O denied it. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh ; https://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-pos1.htm | C064 posh-origin-card. Etymonline gives "a word of uncertain origin", the likely money/dandy route, and "The acronym story is attested by 1933" after "by 1914". Quinion says "P&O flatly denies any such term existed" and describes the story as appearing decades after the word. Read together, these support the compound claim. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Young enough that the date can’t settle it \u2014 the documentary record does. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh | C065 posh-kicker. Source: "by 1914 (1903 as push), a word of uncertain origin, but there is no evidence for the common derivation from an acronym of port outward, starboard home". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | etymonline: “there is no evidence for the common derivation from an acronym of port outward, starboard home.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh | C066 posh-source-quote. Source: "by 1914 (1903 as push), a word of uncertain origin, but there is no evidence for the common derivation from an acronym of port outward, starboard home". Read against the full source: the quoted wording is supported after transparent shortening, punctuation changes, or the visible euphemism. No factual change of meaning was found; the automated literal-string flag is not treated as a content error. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Save Our Souls | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOS | C067 sos-expansion. Source: "SOS, when it was first agreed upon by the International Radio Telegraphic Convention in 1906, was merely a distinctive Morse code sequence and was initially not an abbreviation. Later a backronym was created for it in popular usage, and SOS became associated with mnemonic phrases such as "save our souls" and "save our ship".". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | First written down: 1905. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOS | C068 sos-first-written. Source: "SOS originated in German government maritime radio regulations adopted effective 1 April 1905. It became a worldwide standard when it was included in the service regulations of the first International Radiotelegraph Convention signed on 3 November 1906, which became effective on 1 July 1908.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | SOS was never an abbreviation. It was chosen for its unmistakable Morse pattern \u2014 ··· \u2014\u2014\u2014 ··· \u2014 adopted in Germany’s rules in 1905, internationally by 1908. “Save Our Souls” is a backronym bolted on later. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOS | C069 sos-origin-card. Source: "SOS, when it was first agreed upon by the International Radio Telegraphic Convention in 1906, was merely a distinctive Morse code sequence and was initially not an abbreviation. Later a backronym was created for it in popular usage, and SOS became associated with mnemonic phrases such as "save our souls" and "save our ship".". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | A real signal with a fake expansion \u2014 the cleanest backronym of all. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOS | C070 sos-kicker. Source: "SOS, when it was first agreed upon by the International Radio Telegraphic Convention in 1906, was merely a distinctive Morse code sequence and was initially not an abbreviation. Later a backronym was created for it in popular usage, and SOS became associated with mnemonic phrases such as "save our souls" and "save our ship".". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Wikipedia, “SOS”: a backronym “created for it in popular usage… ‘save our souls’ and ‘save our ship.’” | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOS | C071 sos-source-quote. Source: "SOS, when it was first agreed upon by the International Radio Telegraphic Convention in 1906, was merely a distinctive Morse code sequence and was initially not an abbreviation. Later a backronym was created for it in popular usage, and SOS became associated with mnemonic phrases such as "save our souls" and "save our ship".". Read against the full source: the quoted wording is supported after transparent shortening, punctuation changes, or the visible euphemism. No factual change of meaning was found; the automated literal-string flag is not treated as a content error. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Radio Detecting And Ranging | https://www.etymonline.com/word/radar | C072 radar-expansion. The recorded source explicitly prints "radio detecting and ranging". The Navy naming document instead uses "radio detection and ranging". The page's "They say it stands for" presentation has the recorded dictionary variant; it does not quote the Navy directive. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | RADAR is a genuine acronym and a twentieth-century example. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/radar | C074 radar-origin-card. Source: "1941, acronym (more or less) from radio detecting and ranging.". The prediction wording was part of the cutoff argument removed under X2/X3. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | etymonline: 1941, acronym (more or less) from “radio detecting and ranging.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/radar | C076 radar-source-quote. Source: "1941, acronym (more or less) from radio detecting and ranging.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus | https://www.etymonline.com/word/scuba | C077 scuba-expansion. Source: "also SCUBA, 1952, American English, acronym for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | First written down: 1952. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/scuba ; https://www.cia.gov/stories/story/christian-lambertsen-and-the-secret-story-behind-scuba/ | C078 scuba-first-written. Etymonline dates SCUBA to "1952". The CIA history independently identifies Lambertsen's 1952 paper and the term "Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus", supporting this date and coinage, unlike the RADAR and LASER cases. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | A genuine acronym, coined 1952 \u2014 squarely in the era when words are built from initials. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/scuba ; https://www.cia.gov/stories/story/christian-lambertsen-and-the-secret-story-behind-scuba/ | C079 scuba-origin-card. Etymonline dates SCUBA to "1952". The CIA history independently identifies Lambertsen's 1952 paper and the term "Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus", supporting this date and coinage, unlike the RADAR and LASER cases. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Coined 1952. Inside the acronym era. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/scuba ; https://www.cia.gov/stories/story/christian-lambertsen-and-the-secret-story-behind-scuba/ | C080 scuba-kicker. Etymonline dates SCUBA to "1952". The CIA history independently identifies Lambertsen's 1952 paper and the term "Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus", supporting this date and coinage, unlike the RADAR and LASER cases. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | etymonline: 1952, American English, acronym for “self-contained underwater breathing apparatus.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/scuba | C081 scuba-source-quote. Source: "also SCUBA, 1952, American English, acronym for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation | https://www.etymonline.com/word/laser | C082 laser-expansion. Source: "1960, acronym for "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation," on pattern of maser (1955).". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | etymonline: 1960, acronym for “light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/laser | C086 laser-source-quote. Source: "1960, acronym for "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation," on pattern of maser (1955).". Read against the full source: the quoted wording is supported after transparent shortening, punctuation changes, or the visible euphemism. No factual change of meaning was found; the automated literal-string flag is not treated as a content error. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Situation Normal, All Fouled Up | https://www.etymonline.com/word/snafu | C087 snafu-expansion. The full source says "In public explanations the word typically was euphemised to fouled." Thus the displayed "Situation Normal, All Fouled Up" is supported. Entry 87's excerpt alone has "fucked" and needs the sentence supplied by entry 111. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | A genuine acronym from WWII U.S. military slang (expression by 1941). Real, and \u2014 of course \u2014 20th-century. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/snafu | C089 snafu-origin-card. Source: "1943, World War II U.S. military slang, from the acronym (attested as an expression by 1941) for situation normal, all fucked up". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | etymonline: 1943, WWII U.S. military slang, from the acronym for “situation normal, all f\u2014ed up.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/snafu | C091 snafu-source-quote. Source: "1943, World War II U.S. military slang, from the acronym (attested as an expression by 1941) for situation normal, all fucked up". Read against the full source: the quoted wording is supported after transparent shortening, punctuation changes, or the visible euphemism. No factual change of meaning was found; the automated literal-string flag is not treated as a content error. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | A 1457 Act of the Scottish Parliament already banned “ye golf.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/golf ; https://www.rps.ac.uk/search.php?action=fc&fn=jamesii_ms&id=2897&query=1458%2F3%2F7&type=ms ; https://www.rps.ac.uk/static/editorialintro.html | C093 golf-statute. Etymonline identifies a "1457 Scottish statute". RPS provides the act at 1458/3/7 and says "ande the golf be utirly criyt doune and nocht wsyt"; its editorial introduction dates meetings in "new style" and expands scribal abbreviations. The ban and conventional old-style year are supported. The exact quote-field mismatch is separately assessed at C174. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Just the plural of new | https://www.etymonline.com/word/news | C094 news-plural. Source: "late 14c., "new things," plural of new (n.) "new thing"". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | The gratuity verb (by 1706) comes from older slang tip “give, hand, pass.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/tip | C095 tip-gratuity. Source: "by 1706, from earlier sense of "give, hand, pass" (c. 1600), a word in thieves' cant, of uncertain origin.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | True deeper origin: uncertain (thieves’ cant). | https://www.etymonline.com/word/tip | C096 tip-uncertain. Source: "by 1706, from earlier sense of "give, hand, pass" (c. 1600), a word in thieves' cant, of uncertain origin.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | A clipping of copper (1846) | https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop | C097 cop-clipping. Source: ""policeman," 1859, abbreviation (said to be originally thieves' slang) of earlier copper (n.2), which is attested from 1846, agent noun from cop (v.) "to capture or arrest as a prisoner."". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | from the verb cop “to seize, catch” (1704) | https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop | C098 cop-1704. Source: ""to seize, to catch, capture or arrest as a prisoner," 1704, northern British dialect, of uncertain origin; perhaps ultimately from French caper "seize, to take," from Latin capere "to take"". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | A Germanic word | https://www.etymonline.com/word/fuck | C100 fuck-germanic. Source: "Most probably, fuck is a borrowing from Low German and has no cognates outside Germanic.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | a 1310 court nickname is earlier but contested | https://www.wordorigins.org/big-list-entries/fuck | C102 fuck-nickname. Source: "That name appears seven times in the Chester County court plea rolls between 3 November 1310 and 28 September 1311 as part of a process to have the man declared an outlaw.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | a 1310 court nickname is earlier but contested | https://www.wordorigins.org/big-list-entries/fuck | C103 fuck-nickname-contested. Source: "As with those other fuck-names, it’s possible that Fuckebythenavele referred to an incident or incidents where Roger struck someone or was struck himself in the belly, but the idea that the name is some kind of reference to sexual intercourse is the more parsimonious hypothesis.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | No evidence for the ship-cabin acronym | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh | C104 posh-no-evidence. Source: "by 1914 (1903 as push), a word of uncertain origin, but there is no evidence for the common derivation from an acronym of port outward, starboard home". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | The acronym tale postdates the word and P&O denied it. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh ; https://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-pos1.htm | C105 posh-after-word. Etymonline gives "a word of uncertain origin", the likely money/dandy route, and "The acronym story is attested by 1933" after "by 1914". Quinion says "P&O flatly denies any such term existed" and describes the story as appearing decades after the word. Read together, these support the compound claim. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | The acronym tale postdates the word and P&O denied it. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh ; https://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-pos1.htm | C106 posh-po-denial. Etymonline gives "a word of uncertain origin", the likely money/dandy route, and "The acronym story is attested by 1933" after "by 1914". Quinion says "P&O flatly denies any such term existed" and describes the story as appearing decades after the word. Read together, these support the compound claim. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | SOS was never an abbreviation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOS | C107 sos-never-abbreviation. Source: "SOS, when it was first agreed upon by the International Radio Telegraphic Convention in 1906, was merely a distinctive Morse code sequence and was initially not an abbreviation. Later a backronym was created for it in popular usage, and SOS became associated with mnemonic phrases such as "save our souls" and "save our ship".". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | It was chosen for its unmistakable Morse pattern | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOS ; https://www.worldwidewords.org/ww-bac1.html | C108 sos-morse-choice. The recorded excerpt describes the signal but not why it was selected. Quinion directly says it was "chosen as a particularly memorable and easily recognised Morse code sequence". This supports the choice claim with a better excerpt. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | adopted in Germany’s rules in 1905, internationally by 1908. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOS | C109 sos-adoption. Source: "SOS originated in German government maritime radio regulations adopted effective 1 April 1905. It became a worldwide standard when it was included in the service regulations of the first International Radiotelegraph Convention signed on 3 November 1906, which became effective on 1 July 1908.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | “Save Our Souls” is a backronym bolted on later. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOS | C110 sos-backronym. Source: "SOS, when it was first agreed upon by the International Radio Telegraphic Convention in 1906, was merely a distinctive Morse code sequence and was initially not an abbreviation. Later a backronym was created for it in popular usage, and SOS became associated with mnemonic phrases such as "save our souls" and "save our ship".". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Situation Normal, All Fouled Up | https://www.etymonline.com/word/snafu | C111 snafu-euphemism. The full source says "In public explanations the word typically was euphemised to fouled." Thus the displayed "Situation Normal, All Fouled Up" is supported. Entry 87's excerpt alone has "fucked" and needs the sentence supplied by entry 111. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | A timeline from 1300 to 2000. | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | C115 timeline-range. The code states "var MIN = 1300, MAX = 2000, FLOOR = 1886;" and computes positions from that interval. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | POSH (1914) and SOS (1905) sit at the edge of it. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh | C117 timeline-accessible-edge. Source: "by 1914 (1903 as push), a word of uncertain origin, but there is no evidence for the common derivation from an acronym of port outward, starboard home". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com) | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym | C121 bibliography-etymonline-acronym. Source: "With the exception of cabalistic esoterica and acrostic poetry, this way of forming words was uncommon before the 20th century.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com) | https://www.etymonline.com/word/golf | C122 bibliography-etymonline-golf. Source: "mid-15c., Scottish gouf, usually taken as an alteration of Middle Dutch colf, colve "stick, club, bat,"". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com) | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh | C123 bibliography-etymonline-posh. Source: "by 1914 (1903 as push), a word of uncertain origin, but there is no evidence for the common derivation from an acronym of port outward, starboard home". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com) | https://www.etymonline.com/word/tip | C124 bibliography-etymonline-tip. Source: "by 1706, from earlier sense of "give, hand, pass" (c. 1600), a word in thieves' cant, of uncertain origin.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com) | https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop | C125 bibliography-etymonline-cop. Source: ""policeman," 1859, abbreviation (said to be originally thieves' slang) of earlier copper (n.2), which is attested from 1846, agent noun from cop (v.) "to capture or arrest as a prisoner."". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com) | https://www.etymonline.com/word/fuck | C126 bibliography-etymonline-fuck. Source: "Most probably, fuck is a borrowing from Low German and has no cognates outside Germanic.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com) | https://www.etymonline.com/columns/post/north,-east,-west,-south,-not | C127 bibliography-etymonline-news. Source: "News is not an acronym of "north east west south," as though "information from all quarters of the compass." That false etymology goes back at least to 1640, when it was a joke.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Michael Quinion, World Wide Words | https://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-pos1.htm | C128 bibliography-quinion. Source: "The trouble is there’s absolutely no evidence for it and P&O flatly denies any such term existed. It’s just a legend, though a very persistent one.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Port Out, Starboard Home: And Other Language Myths (Penguin, 2004). | https://www.worldwidewords.org/re-por1.htm | C129 bibliography-quinion-book. Source: "Michael Quinion, Port Out, Starboard Home: And Other Language Myths , published by Penguin Books in July 2004.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | David Wilton, Word Myths: Debunking Linguistic Urban Legends (Oxford, 2004) | https://books.google.com/books?id=Ho4dAQAAIAAJ | C130 bibliography-wilton. Source: "Word Myths: Debunking Linguistic Urban Legends - David Wilton - Google Books Search Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More » Sign in Books Try the new Your Library After November 18, 2026, you'll no longer be able to manage books in Classic My Library. Visit the new Your Library now to import your bookshelves. Go to Your Library Dismiss Try the new Your Library Try the new Google Books My library Help Advanced Book Search Get print book No eBook available Amazon.com.au Booktopia.com.au Dymocks Fishpond.com.au Find in a library All sellers » Word Myths : Debunking Linguistic Urban Legends David Wilton Oxford University Press, USA , 2 Dec 2004 - Language Arts & Disciplines - 221 pages". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | on acronyms as a 20th-century phenomenon. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym | C131 wilton-twentieth. Source: "There is only one known pre-twentieth-century [English] word with an acronymic origin and it was in vogue for only a short time in 1886. The word is colinderies or colinda , an acronym for the Colonial and Indian Exposition held in London in that year.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Wikipedia, “SOS” (Morse-pattern origin; 1905 / 1906 / 1908 adoption dates) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOS | C132 bibliography-sos. Source: "SOS originated in German government maritime radio regulations adopted effective 1 April 1905. It became a worldwide standard when it was included in the service regulations of the first International Radiotelegraph Convention signed on 3 November 1906, which became effective on 1 July 1908.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | “Acronym” (the colinda 1886 fact). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym | C133 bibliography-acronym. Source: "There is only one known pre-twentieth-century [English] word with an acronymic origin and it was in vogue for only a short time in 1886. The word is colinderies or colinda , an acronym for the Colonial and Indian Exposition held in London in that year.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | This layer's check works the answer out again from scratch, independently of this page. | git show f5e5f84f34:research/backronym-myth/verify.mjs | C134 check-independent. The verifier contains its own constants and word records and has no page-file read. Its calculations are independent of the HTML in this limited implementation sense. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Refuting an acronym doesn't require knowing the right answer. | git show f5e5f84f34:research/backronym-myth/verify.mjs | C139 refutation-independent-of-origin. Rejecting one proposed origin does not logically identify another; POSH supplies the page's documented example of rejected acronym and uncertain origin. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | And disproving the acronym doesn't mean we know the real origin | git show f5e5f84f34:research/backronym-myth/verify.mjs | C140 disproving-does-not-identify-origin. The same logical distinction is valid: refuting a proposed acronym does not select a unique alternative etymology. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | eleven words, each with its first-attestation date, real origin, and lexicographic verdict | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | C146 wrapper-eleven. All eleven objects have year/yearLabel, real, verdict, and source fields. This describes the apparatus; disputed dates and claims are audited in their own entries. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | plus the anachronism timeline that makes the test visible | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | C147 wrapper-timeline. The inline JS constructs an era band, year ticks, and one dot per WORDS entry. The factual interpretation of the band is separately rejected. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | the verbatim sources (etymonline, OED via etymonline, Quinion, Wilton, Wikipedia for the SOS Morse history) in `research/backronym-myth/sources.md`. | git show f5e5f84f34:research/backronym-myth/sources.md | C149 wrapper-source-list. The pinned sources.md contains the named references and quoted passages. Its being present is confirmed; its general historical inference is not. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | forming everyday words from initial letters is essentially a 20th-century practice | https://www.etymonline.com/word/acronym | C150 wrapper-practice. Source: "With the exception of cabalistic esoterica and acrostic poetry, this way of forming words was uncommon before the 20th century.". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | the verdict rests on the documentary record (no evidence; the acronym postdates the word; P&O denied it) | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh ; https://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-pos1.htm | C155 wrapper-posh-record. Etymonline gives "a word of uncertain origin", the likely money/dandy route, and "The acronym story is attested by 1933" after "by 1914". Quinion says "P&O flatly denies any such term existed" and describes the story as appearing decades after the word. Read together, these support the compound claim. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | for *posh*, *tip*, and the deeper root of *cop*, the page says plainly that it's unknown. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/tip ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/cop | C156 wrapper-unknown. All three full entries explicitly use "of uncertain origin" or "a word of uncertain origin". The surrounding page prose preserves this uncertainty; the COP card's failure to do so is separately recorded. One COP excerpt alone does not document the other two words. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | POSH, first written in 1914, is young enough that the date can't settle it, so the documentary record does. | https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh | C158 meta-description-1. Source: "by 1914 (1903 as push), a word of uncertain origin, but there is no evidence for the common derivation from an acronym of port outward, starboard home". Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Dated, sourced, checkable. | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | C159 meta-description-2. Dates, source links, and a downloadable runnable check are present. That availability does not warrant the accuracy of every claim. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | GOLF, POSH, NEWS, TIP, COP: the famous 'this word is secretly an acronym' stories, run against one test. | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | C160 meta-og-description-0. The five named stories appear in WORDS and are run through the page's classification. The abjud excerpt in this record entry is not evidence for that implementation; the pinned page is. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Sort them yourself. | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | C162 meta-og-description-2. Each card has two choice buttons and the inline choose/reveal/tally handlers implement sorting and scoring. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | GOLF, POSH, NEWS, TIP: 'secret acronym' word origins against one test. | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html | C163 meta-twitter-description-0. The four named stories appear in WORDS and are presented against the stated test. The source-record abjud excerpt is not the supporting evidence for that descriptive claim. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | another \"the real origin is actually…\" folklore, sorted against the attestation record | git show f5e5f84f34:src/content/strata/the-rest-of-the-proverb.md | C168 related-description-1. The linked pinned wrapper says "We checked seven famous proverbs against the attestation record". The nearby-link description accurately identifies the subject. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | a debunked linguistic legend, corrected from the primary record | git show f5e5f84f34:src/content/strata/eskimo-words-for-snow.md | C169 related-description-2. The linked pinned wrapper describes Boas's 1911 example, subsequent inflation, and the distinction between roots, lexemes, and word forms. The nearby text describes that layer's project. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | a phrase everyone reads backwards \u2014 the same shape of confident, wrong folk etymology | git show f5e5f84f34:src/content/strata/the-exception-proves-the-rule.md | C170 related-description-3. The linked wrapper begins "Almost everyone uses it backwards" and explains inference from a stated exception. The nearby line is a rhetorical subject description, not a measured population statistic. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | The story about the story is itself wrong. | git show f5e5f84f34:src/content/strata/do-carrots-improve-eyesight.md | C171 related-description-4. The linked wrapper explicitly describes the supposed radar cover story as "its own overstated myth". This nearby description accurately identifies the layer's argument. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Both put a tidy claim about a word against dated evidence. | git show f5e5f84f34:src/content/strata/does-decimate-mean-one-in-ten.md | C172 related-description-5. The linked wrapper compares the one-in-ten and broader senses against dated attestations. Both pages do present word claims against dates, although this audit rejects this page's inference. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | A 1457 Act of the Scottish Parliament already banned “ye golf.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/golf ; https://www.rps.ac.uk/search.php?action=fc&fn=jamesii_ms&id=2897&query=1458%2F3%2F7&type=ms ; https://www.rps.ac.uk/static/editorialintro.html | C173 golf-statute-primary. Etymonline identifies a "1457 Scottish statute". RPS provides the act at 1458/3/7 and says "ande the golf be utirly criyt doune and nocht wsyt"; its editorial introduction dates meetings in "new style" and expands scribal abbreviations. The ban and conventional old-style year are supported. The exact quote-field mismatch is separately assessed at C174. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - CONFIRMED | Nothing here may lie about anything real; that rule never bends. | git show f5e5f84f34:WAKE.md | C177 site-overlay-2-1. WAKE.md rule 2 reads "It must never lie about anything real." The overlay describes a rule, not a claim that no error has ever appeared. Carried from the N2 source reread at f5e5f84f34; see research/assay-line/queue-1014c/backronym-myth/N2-codex.md. - WRONG | R1: Authored hub cards claim colinda is the only pre-1900 English acronym-word and that dates refute all the listed acronym stories, including POSH. | public/strata/repeated-until-true/index.html:307 ; public/strata/how-a-myth-is-born/index.html:332 ; public/strata/how-a-myth-is-born/index.html:335 ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym#Early_examples_in_English ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm ; https://www.etymonline.com/word/posh | Fix-checker problem 1 confirmed. Abjud and Poe's 1838 initial-letter wordplay defeat the proposed 1886 boundary; POSH's cited date is by 1914. The authored t:"date" and cure:"date" classifications also remain. These are other layers, not landing-rebuilt cards. Leave open for their owners to replace the explanation with individual source evidence, reclassify it and reconcile dependent counts. - WRONG | R2: Authored relationship notes describe the linked backronym layer as proving acronym stories false through a single historical date. | src/content/strata/repeated-until-true.md:13 ; src/content/strata/the-dancing-plague.md:18 ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym#Early_examples_in_English ; https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/blkwda.htm | Fix-checker problem 2 confirmed. These source notes retain the false exclusivity or date-only argument and will feed regenerated relationship text. Leave open for their owners to describe individual word-history evidence, preserving the unrelated dancing-plague explanation. ## Findings - [fixed] X1 (WRONG): Wikipedia records abjud in the late eighteenth century as well as the attributed colinda claim. The unrestricted exclusivity claim is not supported. Colinda is now one example; the Wilton quotation is retained with an explicit qualification. - [fixed] X2 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [fixed] X3 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [fixed] X4 (WRONG): Wikipedia records abjud in the late eighteenth century as well as the attributed colinda claim. The unrestricted exclusivity claim is not supported. Colinda is now one example; the Wilton quotation is retained with an explicit qualification. - [fixed] X5 (WRONG): Etymonline dates TIP's gratuity verb by 1706 and COP's policeman noun to 1859. Against 1886 these are 180 and 27 years, not centuries for every word. Removed the collective chronology and date-only inference. - [fixed] X6 (WRONG): Etymonline cop (v.) explicitly leaves the root uncertain and proposes French/Latin or Dutch/Frisian routes. The card, source notes and verifier now preserve that uncertainty, making the body's description of the cards accurate. - [fixed] X7 (MINOR): The pinned verifier has a separate WORDS table and never reads HTML. The page and verifier now describe checks of the embedded table, without a page-data guarantee. MINOR: no public correction line. - [fixed] X8 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [fixed] X9 (WRONG): The pinned POSH object has year 1914, type myth and verdict unproven; 1914 is after 1886. Etymonline gives by 1914 and no support for the proposed acronym. Revised the hero, universal footer sentence and legend; removed the date cutoff. - [fixed] X10 (MINOR): Etymonline calls the Middle Dutch connection the usual proposal. Added a short qualifier in the card and verifier notes, and preserved the qualified source account. MINOR: no public correction line. - [fixed] X11 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [fixed] X12 (MINOR): Etymonline records the promptitude version by 1909, not a demonstrated first appearance, and the promptness wording from 1946. The card now distinguishes those attestations. MINOR: no public correction line for the first-appearance precision repair; the separate WRONG variant attribution is X39. - [fixed] X13 (WRONG): Etymonline cop (v.) explicitly leaves the root uncertain and proposes French/Latin or Dutch/Frisian routes. The card, source notes and verifier now preserve that uncertainty, making the body's description of the cards accurate. - [fixed] X14 (MINOR): Wordorigins calls the common root with ficken probable; Etymonline reports the OED's caution. The card now says possible relatives and the notes qualify the relationship. MINOR: no public correction line. - [fixed] X15 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [fixed] X16 (WRONG): Read the NRL history, printed p. 170 (PDF page 186), including the reproduced directive and caption dated 19 November 1940. Changed RADAR to in official use by that date in the card, timeline, wrapper and verifier. The attributed 1941 dictionary wording remains with the earlier evidence beside it. - [fixed] X17 (WRONG): Read the NRL history, printed p. 170 (PDF page 186), including the reproduced directive and caption dated 19 November 1940. Changed RADAR to in official use by that date in the card, timeline, wrapper and verifier. The attributed 1941 dictionary wording remains with the earlier evidence beside it. - [fixed] X18 (WRONG): AIP's May/Ruby account dates the naming to 1957; its laser exhibit describes the notebook and the November 1957 recollection. Changed the card, timeline, wrapper and verifier to 1957. The attributed 1960 dictionary wording remains with the earlier notebook evidence beside it. - [fixed] X19 (WRONG): AIP's May/Ruby account dates the naming to 1957; its laser exhibit describes the notebook and the November 1957 recollection. Changed the card, timeline, wrapper and verifier to 1957. The attributed 1960 dictionary wording remains with the earlier notebook evidence beside it. - [fixed] X20 (WRONG): AIP's May/Ruby account dates the naming to 1957; its laser exhibit describes the notebook and the November 1957 recollection. Changed the card, timeline, wrapper and verifier to 1957. The attributed 1960 dictionary wording remains with the earlier notebook evidence beside it. - [fixed] X21 (WRONG): Etymonline records the expression by 1941, the adjective in 1942 and noun sense in 1943. Changed the card, timeline, wrapper and verifier to expression by 1941; preserved the attributed noun date and explained the distinction. - [fixed] X22 (WRONG): Etymonline records the expression by 1941, the adjective in 1942 and noun sense in 1943. Changed the card, timeline, wrapper and verifier to expression by 1941; preserved the attributed noun date and explained the distinction. - [fixed] X23 (MINOR): Etymonline calls the Middle Dutch connection the usual proposal. Added a short qualifier in the card and verifier notes, and preserved the qualified source account. MINOR: no public correction line. - [fixed] X24 (WRONG): Etymonline cop (v.) explicitly leaves the root uncertain and proposes French/Latin or Dutch/Frisian routes. The card, source notes and verifier now preserve that uncertainty, making the body's description of the cards accurate. - [fixed] X25 (MINOR): Wordorigins calls the common root with ficken probable; Etymonline reports the OED's caution. The card now says possible relatives and the notes qualify the relationship. MINOR: no public correction line. - [fixed] X26 (WRONG): The NRL directive establishes official RADAR use by 19 November 1940; AIP documents LASER naming in 1957; Etymonline records SNAFU as an expression by 1941. Corrected all three plotted dates and changed the blanket first-written labels to dated evidence. NEWS is separately approximate under X32. - [fixed] X27 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [fixed] X28 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [fixed] X29 (WRONG): Etymonline dates TIP's gratuity verb by 1706 and COP's policeman noun to 1859. Against 1886 these are 180 and 27 years, not centuries for every word. Removed the collective chronology and date-only inference. - [fixed] X30 (WRONG): The NRL directive establishes official RADAR use by 19 November 1940; AIP documents LASER naming in 1957; Etymonline records SNAFU as an expression by 1941. Corrected all three plotted dates and changed the blanket first-written labels to dated evidence. NEWS is separately approximate under X32. - [fixed] X31 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [fixed] X32 (MINOR): Etymonline gives late fourteenth century. Kept 1390 only as the approximate plotting position; the caption and accessible description now say late 1300s and mark the approximation. MINOR: no public correction line. - [open note:684319] X33 (MINOR): The placard at public/strata/backronym-myth/index.html:271 still says the embedded-table check "can settle the finding", although verify.mjs checks only its own table and cannot independently establish the word origins. Nothing was corrected on 2026-10-18: the copies pass found that the words come from the shared generator scripts/check-placard.mjs:125, which every C0-green layer's placard repeats, so what remains is that generator line plus one placard regeneration run, not a page edit. - [fixed] X34 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [fixed] X35 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [fixed] X36 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [fixed] X37 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [fixed] X38 (WRONG): Wikipedia records abjud in the late eighteenth century as well as the attributed colinda claim. The unrestricted exclusivity claim is not supported. Colinda is now one example; the Wilton quotation is retained with an explicit qualification. - [fixed] X39 (WRONG): Etymonline distinguishes the 1909 promptitude account from the promptness wording recorded from 1946. Corrected the wrapper's attribution while retaining its quoted wording; the card and notes distinguish the variants. - [fixed] X40 (WRONG): Etymonline dates TIP's gratuity verb by 1706 and COP's policeman noun to 1859. Against 1886 these are 180 and 27 years, not centuries for every word. Removed the collective chronology and date-only inference. - [fixed] X41 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [fixed] X42 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [fixed] X43 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [fixed] X44 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [fixed] X45 (WRONG): Etymonline describes rarity before the twentieth century, with exceptions. Poe's November 1838 text, p. 302, constructs English initials into P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H. The 1886 cutoff cannot establish impossibility. Removed the age-only argument, its timeline band and verifier assertions; the verdicts now follow individual source evidence. - [dated] X46 (STALE): The pinned HTML says dateModified 2026-06-26; git show 881d6d962f4:src/content/strata/backronym-myth.md records a 2026-08-01 revision. Set dateModified to 2026-10-14. JSON-LD exception: the dated Corrected lines already record this revision; no Updated line is required. - [fixed] X47 (MINOR): Read the RPS act via curl: it prints ande the golf. RPS explains expanded scribal abbreviations and new-style dating. St Andrews preserves ye golf and cites PA5/6; Scotland's People dates PA5/6 to 1457. Added those citations to the source notes and page sources; quotation and conventional year unchanged. MINOR: no public correction line. - [fixed] X48 (WRONG): The pinned POSH object has year 1914, type myth and verdict unproven; 1914 is after 1886. Etymonline gives by 1914 and no support for the proposed acronym. Revised the hero, universal footer sentence and legend; removed the date cutoff. - [fixed] X49 (WRONG): The pinned POSH object has year 1914, type myth and verdict unproven; 1914 is after 1886. Etymonline gives by 1914 and no support for the proposed acronym. Revised the hero, universal footer sentence and legend; removed the date cutoff. - [fixed] X50 (MINOR): The eleven card objects comprise six myths including POSH, one special case and four genuine acronyms. Changed the authored title to eleven word origins and checked sources; HTML title and JSON-LD name match. MINOR: no public correction line. - [fixed] R1 (WRONG): On 2026-10-18 the repeated-until-true card (public/strata/repeated-until-true/index.html:337-339) was fixed: its explanation now gives the individual word histories, t:"date" became t:"src", the counts are computed live (date 8, source 10), and dated Corrected 2026-10-18 lines were added there. Still left: public/strata/how-a-myth-is-born/index.html:332 and :335 keep the cutoff explanation ("centuries older than word-from-initials itself", "The date catches every one.") with cure:"date" at :333, and any dependent counts on that layer; this layer's card in The Anatomy of Error (public/strata/the-anatomy-of-error/data.json:175) repeats the same cutoff ("the only pre-1900 example is colinda, 1886"). Round 3 on 2026-10-18 corrected the remaining copies in how-a-myth-is-born (its GOLF and POSH specimen) and the-anatomy-of-error (the acronym card), with dated lines there; board note bdc7c9 is closed. - [open note:c8f6a2] R2 (WRONG): On 2026-10-18 the repeated-until-true relation note (src/content/strata/repeated-until-true.md:13) was fixed: it now describes the individual word histories, drops colinda's exclusivity and is filed as Cure II, a primary source, with its Nearby text matched and dated lines added there. Still left: src/content/strata/the-dancing-plague.md:18 still says "A folklore claim settled by a single date" and "GOLF-as-acronym dies to anachronism" (preserve its unrelated dancing-plague text), and the preserved quotations of both old relation notes in There, Here (public/strata/there-here/index.html:250 and research/lineage-edge-grammar/page.json:1, notes[1021] and [1352]). Round 3 on 2026-10-18 corrected the-dancing-plague's relation note (dated line there); what remains is the preserved quotations in There, Here.