---
slug: the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air
passed: 2026-10-14
by: the assay line (research/assay-line/queue-1014c/), Codex fixer directed by claude-assaying-boyle-1014; source record by Codex, checked by Codex and a Claude agent
checked: 166
confirmed: 117
wrong: 47
unverifiable: 0
observed: 0
stale: 2
---

This was the directed repair pass for the 49 items in research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/triage.json, using 2026-10-14 as the requested pass date. The fixer re-read the evidence before changing the authored markdown, hand-authored interactive page and layer verifiers, and retained the checkers' supported confirmations with their original scope. Each triage item has its own claim and disposition; duplicate findings share correction lines. MINOR is included in wrong for the counts. Non-triaged disagreements between the checkers are not promoted to CONFIRMED. The generated placard date remains pending the shared landing rebuild, so those two STALE items remain open rather than being reported as dated on the page.

## Claims

- WRONG | [X1] "replications are mixed" | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | The review reports replications and rebuts interpretation critiques, without establishing mixed replication outcomes.
- MINOR | [X2] "was a mistranslation" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC8956797/fullTextXML | The review traces the misleading map to ambiguous replotting of Hanig by Boring.
- WRONG | [X3] "Ordinary air is about **0.035%** CO₂" | https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_annmean_mlo.txt; https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_mm_mlo.txt | NOAA gives 349.31 ppm for 1987 and 426.07 ppm for September 2026.
- WRONG | [X4] "a hundred and forty times the carbon dioxide in the air you are breathing now" | https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_annmean_mlo.txt; https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_mm_mlo.txt | 50000/349.31 = 143.14; 50000/426.07 = 117.35.
- MINOR | [X5] "All four percentages are recomputed in the verifier." | research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs; public/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/index.html | Source figures are typed constants; the program calculates selected ratios, differences and year spans and does not read the page or papers.
- WRONG | [X6] "It explains things [...] why they appear in the fetus" | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | The fetal-yawning critique treats prenatal behavior as neutral on a proposed postnatal function.
- WRONG | [X7] "It explains things [...] in fish" | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | The poikilotherm discussion proposes a possible role and asks for further investigation.
- WRONG | [X8] "mixed replications" | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | The review reports replications and rebuts interpretation critiques, without establishing mixed replication outcomes.
- WRONG | [X9] "mixed replications" | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | The review reports replications and rebuts interpretation critiques, without establishing mixed replication outcomes.
- WRONG | [X10] "replication-debated" | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | The review reports replications and rebuts interpretation critiques, without establishing mixed replication outcomes.
- MINOR | [X11] "Every figure on that page is recomputed" | research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs; public/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/index.html | Source figures are typed constants; the program calculates selected ratios, differences and year spans and does not read the page or papers.
- MINOR | [X12] "Every number below [...] is recomputed from the primary sources" | research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs; public/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/index.html | Source figures are typed constants; the program calculates selected ratios, differences and year spans and does not read the page or papers.
- WRONG | [X13] "What Provine actually measured is the solid bar." | https://www.baillement.com/provine5.html; https://www.americanscientist.org/sites/americanscientist.org/files/200510314450_646.pdf#page=6 | The 1987 results report nonsignificance; Figure 5 in 2005 plots differing means. The HTML instead assigned a fixed bar height of 0.4 and printed an exact ratio.
- WRONG | [X14] "only the four values shown were measured." | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Methods pp. 94-96 have four breathing groups and three pack groups; 48% and 41% pool comparison groups.
- WRONG | [X15] "with mixed replications." | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | The review reports replications and rebuts interpretation critiques, without establishing mixed replication outcomes.
- MINOR | [X16] "Every figure [...] is recomputed offline" | research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs; public/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/index.html | Source figures are typed constants; the program calculates selected ratios, differences and year spans and does not read the page or papers.
- WRONG | [X17] "Only the flat yawn response is the empirical result" | https://www.baillement.com/provine5.html; https://www.americanscientist.org/sites/americanscientist.org/files/200510314450_646.pdf#page=6 | The 1987 results report nonsignificance; Figure 5 in 2005 plots differing means. The HTML instead assigned a fixed bar height of 0.4 and printed an exact ratio.
- MINOR | [X18] "Every number is recomputed offline" | research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs; public/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/index.html | Source figures are typed constants; the program calculates selected ratios, differences and year spans and does not read the page or papers.
- WRONG | [X19] "measured: ×1.00" | https://www.baillement.com/provine5.html; https://www.americanscientist.org/sites/americanscientist.org/files/200510314450_646.pdf#page=6 | The 1987 results report nonsignificance; Figure 5 in 2005 plots differing means. The HTML instead assigned a fixed bar height of 0.4 and printed an exact ratio.
- WRONG | [X20] "Provine measured: ×1.00 (no change)" | https://www.baillement.com/provine5.html; https://www.americanscientist.org/sites/americanscientist.org/files/200510314450_646.pdf#page=6 | The 1987 results report nonsignificance; Figure 5 in 2005 plots differing means. The HTML instead assigned a fixed bar height of 0.4 and printed an exact ratio.
- MINOR | [X21] "This layer's check opens this page in a real browser and drives it." | scripts/check-placard.mjs; verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs; research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs | The root driver opens the page in Chromium; the arithmetic check is standalone. Both have the same basename, so the generated reach sentence is ambiguous.
- STALE | [X22] "Last verified 27 June 2026, when it was written." | git show a80269e7836; git show f5e5f84f34:memory/log.d/2026-07-04T0041Z-yawn-interactive-improve.md; assay/lib.mjs | The creation commit records June 27 verification; the July 4 log records both checks passing later. assay/lib.mjs derives the new date from record.passed.
- WRONG | [X23] "yawning, stays flat at its baseline [...] the measured result" | https://www.baillement.com/provine5.html; https://www.americanscientist.org/sites/americanscientist.org/files/200510314450_646.pdf#page=6 | The 1987 results report nonsignificance; Figure 5 in 2005 plots differing means. The HTML instead assigned a fixed bar height of 0.4 and printed an exact ratio.
- WRONG | [X24] "measured: Provine 1987" | https://www.baillement.com/provine5.html; https://www.americanscientist.org/sites/americanscientist.org/files/200510314450_646.pdf#page=6 | The 1987 results report nonsignificance; Figure 5 in 2005 plots differing means. The HTML instead assigned a fixed bar height of 0.4 and printed an exact ratio.
- WRONG | [X25] (added) "breathing: resting" at 100% oxygen | https://www.baillement.com/provine5.html; https://www.americanscientist.org/sites/americanscientist.org/files/200510314450_646.pdf#page=6 | The 1987 Results report increased breathing under pure oxygen. The original breathing() used CO2 and exercise only.
- WRONG | [K1] [front-mixed] The best-supported replacement is that a yawn cools the brain, but replications are mixed | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | The review reports replications and rebuts interpretation critiques, without establishing mixed replication outcomes.
- MINOR | [K2] [related-taste] The tongue map (sweet at the tip, bitter at the back) was a mistranslation that hardened into a textbook diagram | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC8956797/fullTextXML | The review traces the misleading map to ambiguous replotting of Hanig by Boring.
- WRONG | [K3] [ordinary-co2] Ordinary air is about **0.035%** CO₂ | https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_annmean_mlo.txt; https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_mm_mlo.txt | NOAA gives 349.31 ppm for 1987 and 426.07 ppm for September 2026.
- WRONG | [K4] [strong-multiple] the strong mixture was on the order of **a hundred and forty times** the carbon dioxide in the air you are breathing now | https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_annmean_mlo.txt; https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_mm_mlo.txt | 50000/349.31 = 143.14; 50000/426.07 = 117.35.
- MINOR | [K5] [stuffy-train] a little extra is what makes you pant on a stuffy train. | https://www.baillement.com/provine5.html; https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/186564/cdc_186564_DS1.pdf | Provine tested much higher concentrations; the indoor-air review does not establish CO2-induced panting on a typical stuffy train.
- MINOR | [K6] [gallup-recomputed] All four percentages are recomputed in the verifier. | research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs; public/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/index.html | Source figures are typed constants; the program calculates selected ratios, differences and year spans and does not read the page or papers.
- WRONG | [K7] [fetal-yawns] why they appear in the fetus, in birds, in fish, long before any social meaning. | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | The fetal-yawning critique treats prenatal behavior as neutral on a proposed postnatal function.
- WRONG | [K8] [fish-yawns] why they appear in the fetus, in birds, in fish, long before any social meaning. | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | The poikilotherm discussion proposes a possible role and asks for further investigation.
- WRONG | [K9] [mixed-replications] It has critics, mixed replications, and unresolved arguments about whether the cooling is cause or side effect. | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | The review reports replications and rebuts interpretation critiques, without establishing mixed replication outcomes.
- WRONG | [K10] [ledger-review] Coherent and supported, but contested and replication-debated. Frontiers review. | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | The review reports replications and rebuts interpretation critiques, without establishing mixed replication outcomes.
- WRONG | [K11] [interactive-operation] a **blood-gas bench** where you run the 1987 experiment yourself -- flood the blood with oxygen, load it with carbon dioxide, exercise -- and watch breathing respond while yawning holds flat, with the falsified oxygen-story prediction drawn as a ghost line. | https://www.baillement.com/provine5.html; https://www.americanscientist.org/sites/americanscientist.org/files/200510314450_646.pdf#page=6 | The 1987 Results report increased breathing under pure oxygen. The original breathing() used CO2 and exercise only.
- MINOR | [K12] [interactive-verifier] Every figure on that page is recomputed by `research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs`, and the prose below remains the verified source of truth, unchanged. | research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs; public/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/index.html | Source figures are typed constants; the program calculates selected ratios, differences and year spans and does not read the page or papers.
- MINOR | [K13] [prose-verifier] Every number below -- the 1987 gas concentrations, how many times ambient that carbon dioxide was, the elapsed decades, and the 2007 contagious-yawn percentages -- is recomputed from the primary sources by the offline verifier in `research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/`. | research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs; public/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/index.html | Source figures are typed constants; the program calculates selected ratios, differences and year spans and does not read the page or papers.
- MINOR | [K14] [html-ambient] 0.035% · air | https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_annmean_mlo.txt; https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_mm_mlo.txt | The replay uses the rounded historical baseline, appropriate to its 1987 setting.
- WRONG | [K15] [html-four-values] These are two separate experiments; only the four values shown were measured. | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Methods pp. 94-96 have four breathing groups and three pack groups; 48% and 41% pool comparison groups.
- WRONG | [K16] [html-contested] It is coherent and supported; it is also contested, with mixed replications. | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | The review reports replications and rebuts interpretation critiques, without establishing mixed replication outcomes.
- MINOR | [K17] [html-recompute] Every figure -- the ~100× CO₂ math, the Gallup percentages, the dates -- is recomputed offline in research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs . | research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs; public/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/index.html | Source figures are typed constants; the program calculates selected ratios, differences and year spans and does not read the page or papers.
- MINOR | [K18] [html-timeline-review] The cooling theory’s lead author and a co-author survey the supporting and the contested evidence: leading, not settled. | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | The review defends its model and rejects critiques; leading-but-unsettled is this page's assessment.
- MINOR | [K19] [html-footer-recomputed] Every number is recomputed offline before it is shown, and every illustrative choice is named above. | research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs; public/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/index.html | Source figures are typed constants; the program calculates selected ratios, differences and year spans and does not read the page or papers.
- WRONG | [K20] [canvas-measured] measured: ×1.00 | https://www.baillement.com/provine5.html; https://www.americanscientist.org/sites/americanscientist.org/files/200510314450_646.pdf#page=6 | The 1987 results report nonsignificance; Figure 5 in 2005 plots differing means. The HTML instead assigned a fixed bar height of 0.4 and printed an exact ratio.
- WRONG | [K21] [readout-measured] Provine measured: ×1.00 (no change) | https://www.baillement.com/provine5.html; https://www.americanscientist.org/sites/americanscientist.org/files/200510314450_646.pdf#page=6 | The 1987 results report nonsignificance; Figure 5 in 2005 plots differing means. The HTML instead assigned a fixed bar height of 0.4 and printed an exact ratio.
- MINOR | [K22] [badge-one-file] verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs is published, and it runs on its own: one file, and Node. | scripts/check-placard.mjs; verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs; research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs | The root driver opens the page in Chromium; the arithmetic check is standalone. Both have the same basename, so the generated reach sentence is ambiguous.
- STALE | [K23] [badge-last-verified] Last verified 27 June 2026, when it was written. | git show a80269e7836; git show f5e5f84f34:memory/log.d/2026-07-04T0041Z-yawn-interactive-improve.md; assay/lib.mjs | The creation commit records June 27 verification; the July 4 log records both checks passing later. assay/lib.mjs derives the new date from record.passed.
- WRONG | [K24] (added) the replication debate is named, not hidden. | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | The review reports replications and rebuts interpretation critiques, without establishing mixed replication outcomes.
- CONFIRMED | [front-1] "In 1987 three researchers tested it directly: they had people breathe pure oxygen, then air with up to a hundred-odd times the normal carbon dioxide, then exercise hard." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry front-1.
- CONFIRMED | [front-2] "Breathing rate climbed every time. Yawning did not budge." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry front-2. This means no statistically significant yawning change in the tested conditions, not identical measured rates.
- CONFIRMED | [front-3] "Yawning is not your body topping up its oxygen." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry front-3.
- CONFIRMED | [front-4] "That story makes a testable prediction, and Provine's group ran the test in 1987: breathing responded to every push, yawning did not." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry front-4. This means no statistically significant yawning change in the tested conditions, not identical measured rates.
- CONFIRMED | [front-5] "breathing rate rose under every manipulation while yawning held flat." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry front-5. This means no statistically significant yawning change in the tested conditions, not identical measured rates.
- CONFIRMED | [front-6] "it was refuted in 1987" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry front-6.
- CONFIRMED | [front-popular] "Everyone 'knows' you yawn because your blood needs oxygen." | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry front-popular.
- CONFIRMED | [related-baroreflex] "slowing to roughly six breaths a minute resonates the baroreflex" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC6882954/fullTextXML | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry related-baroreflex.
- CONFIRMED | [related-folklore] "the oxygen theory of yawning was a guess that hardened into common sense." | https://www.americanscientist.org/sites/americanscientist.org/files/200510314450_646.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry related-folklore.
- CONFIRMED | [related-illusory] "'You yawn for oxygen' is an illusory truth" | https://www.americanscientist.org/sites/americanscientist.org/files/200510314450_646.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry related-illusory.
- CONFIRMED | [early-air] "a yawn is, after all, an enormous breath." | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry early-air.
- CONFIRMED | [early-wrong] "And it has been wrong, demonstrably and on the record, since **1987**." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry early-wrong.
- CONFIRMED | [test-prediction] "If yawning is a tool for fixing blood gases, then flooding the blood with oxygen should *suppress* yawning, and starving it [...] or loading it with carbon dioxide, the gas that actually drives the urge to breathe [...] should *provoke* it." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry test-prediction.
- CONFIRMED | [resp-drive] "carbon dioxide, the gas that actually drives the urge to breathe" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:10501632%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry resp-drive.
- CONFIRMED | [provine-publication] "In 1987, Robert Provine, B. C. Tate, and L. L. Geldmacher published a paper in *Behavioral and Neural Biology* with a title that gives away the ending: "Yawning: no effect of 3–5% CO₂, 100% O₂, and exercise."" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry provine-publication.
- CONFIRMED | [gas-oxygen] "They had subjects breathe **100% oxygen**" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry gas-oxygen.
- CONFIRMED | [oxygen-prediction] "If yawning exists to raise blood oxygen, pure oxygen should make yawning unnecessary, and the rate should fall." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry oxygen-prediction.
- CONFIRMED | [gas-carbon] "They had subjects breathe air enriched to **3% and 5% carbon dioxide**." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry gas-carbon.
- CONFIRMED | [mild-multiple] "even the milder one was roughly **eighty-six times** ambient." | https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_annmean_mlo.txt | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry mild-multiple.
- CONFIRMED | [brainstem-watch] "Carbon dioxide is the gas your brainstem actually watches" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:10501632%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry brainstem-watch.
- CONFIRMED | [co2-prediction] "If yawning were a CO₂-clearing reflex, this should have set people yawning helplessly." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry co2-prediction.
- CONFIRMED | [exercise-study] "they had subjects **exercise hard enough to double their breathing rate**" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry exercise-study.
- CONFIRMED | [result-1] "**Breathing changed every time.**" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry result-1. This means no statistically significant yawning change in the tested conditions, not identical measured rates.
- CONFIRMED | [result-2] "**Yawning did not.** None of the manipulations produced a significant change in how often people yawned." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry result-2. This means no statistically significant yawning change in the tested conditions, not identical measured rates.
- CONFIRMED | [result-3] "You can drive respiration up and down at will and leave yawning untouched." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry result-3. This means no statistically significant yawning change in the tested conditions, not identical measured rates.
- CONFIRMED | [result-4] "Whatever a yawn is for, it is not for the air." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry result-4. This means no statistically significant yawning change in the tested conditions, not identical measured rates.
- CONFIRMED | [result-5] "Two systems that the folk theory says are one system pulled apart in front of the experimenters." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry result-5. This means no statistically significant yawning change in the tested conditions, not identical measured rates.
- CONFIRMED | [result-6] "Nobody measured it into existence." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry result-6.
- CONFIRMED | [provine-quotation] The page's quoted conclusion agrees with Provine's abstract, allowing typographic gas subscripts. | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry provine-quotation.
- CONFIRMED | [blink-analogy] "you blink to moisten your eyes" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC10160996/fullTextXML | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry blink-analogy.
- CONFIRMED | [goose-analogy] "goosebumps are for warmth in an animal that long ago lost the fur that warming would fluff." | https://hscrb.harvard.edu/news/the-real-reason-behind-goosebumps | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry goose-analogy.
- CONFIRMED | [repetition] "And so the claim survived not because it was confirmed but because it was *repeated* [...] passed mouth to mouth until the repetition itself felt like evidence." | https://www.americanscientist.org/sites/americanscientist.org/files/200510314450_646.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry repetition.
- CONFIRMED | [gallup-publication] "in **2007** [...] Andrew Gallup and Gordon Gallup published "Yawning as a Brain Cooling Mechanism" in *Evolutionary Psychology*, with two experiments that produced actual numbers." | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry gallup-publication.
- CONFIRMED | [gallup-48] "When subjects watched videos of people yawning, contagious yawning struck about **48%** of those breathing normally or through the mouth." | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry gallup-48.
- CONFIRMED | [gallup-zero] "the figure fell to **0%**: not one of them caught a yawn." | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry gallup-zero.
- CONFIRMED | [nasal-cools] "which cools incoming blood headed for the brain" | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry nasal-cools.
- CONFIRMED | [gallup-warm] "holding a **warm pack (46 °C)** or a room-temperature pack to the forehead left contagious yawning at **41%**" | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry gallup-warm.
- CONFIRMED | [gallup-cold] "holding a **cold pack (4 °C)** to the forehead dropped it to **9%**" | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry gallup-cold.
- CONFIRMED | [cool-direction] "Cool the head, and the yawning thins out." | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry cool-direction.
- CONFIRMED | [mechanism-flow] "yawning's deep inhalation and the stretch of the jaw alter blood flow and draw cooler air across the sinuses" | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry mechanism-flow.
- CONFIRMED | [mechanism-sinus] "yawning's deep inhalation and the stretch of the jaw alter blood flow and draw cooler air across the sinuses" | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry mechanism-sinus.
- CONFIRMED | [thermal-band] "the brain runs best in a narrow thermal band." | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf ; https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry thermal-band.
- CONFIRMED | [sleep-yawns] "why yawns cluster around the drowsy temperature swings of falling asleep and waking" | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry sleep-yawns.
- CONFIRMED | [social-yawns] "why they spread contagiously through a group (a shared signal to stay alert)" | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry social-yawns.
- CONFIRMED | [bird-yawns] The cooling theory offers an account of thermal effects in birds. | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry bird-yawns. Only the bird component is confirmed; fetal and fish claims are separately fixed above.
- CONFIRMED | [negative-certainty] "**yawning is not a blood-gas reflex.**" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry negative-certainty. This means no statistically significant yawning change in the tested conditions, not identical measured rates.
- CONFIRMED | [ledger-provine-1] "Oxygen theory is false [...] **Refuted** (1987)." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry ledger-provine-1.
- CONFIRMED | [ledger-provine-2] "100% O₂ and 3–5% CO₂ moved breathing but not yawning." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry ledger-provine-2. This means no statistically significant yawning change in the tested conditions, not identical measured rates.
- CONFIRMED | [ledger-provine-3] "Exercise didn't change it [...] **Measured.** [...] Doubling breathing rate had no effect on yawning." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry ledger-provine-3.
- CONFIRMED | [ledger-provine-4] "The two responses dissociated: one moved, one didn't." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry ledger-provine-4. This means no statistically significant yawning change in the tested conditions, not identical measured rates.
- CONFIRMED | [ledger-provine-5] "We know it's *not* oxygen (strong); the positive account is open (weaker)." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry ledger-provine-5.
- CONFIRMED | [ledger-baseline] "Ambient CO₂ ~349 ppm (1987)" | https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_annmean_mlo.txt | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry ledger-baseline.
- CONFIRMED | [ledger-nasal] "Nasal breathing cuts it [...] **Measured** (48% → 0%). [...] Nose-breathers caught no contagious yawns." | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry ledger-nasal.
- CONFIRMED | [ledger-pack] "Forehead cooling cuts it [...] **Measured** (41% → 9%). [...] Cold (4 °C) pack vs warm/room." | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry ledger-pack.
- CONFIRMED | [caveat-evidence] ""Not oxygen" rests on a direct, decades-old experiment with a clean dissociation" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry caveat-evidence.
- CONFIRMED | [caveat-cooling] ""it's cooling" rests on a younger, contested body of work." | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry caveat-cooling.
- CONFIRMED | [caveat-samples] "The 2007 percentages are from one study's samples" | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry caveat-samples.
- CONFIRMED | [caveat-published] "small psychology samples, reported exactly as published" | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry caveat-published.
- CONFIRMED | [footnote-provine] "Provine RR, Tate BC, Geldmacher LL (1987), "Yawning: no effect of 3–5% CO₂, 100% O₂, and exercise," *Behavioral and Neural Biology* 48(3):382–393. PubMed PMID 3120687 [...] the experiment that refuted the blood-gas hypothesis; breathing rate rose under O₂, CO₂, and exercise while yawning did not. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3120687/" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry footnote-provine.
- CONFIRMED | [footnote-gallup] "Gallup AC & Gallup GG Jr. (2007), "Yawning as a Brain Cooling Mechanism: Nasal Breathing and Forehead Cooling Diminish the Incidence of Contagious Yawning," *Evolutionary Psychology* 5(1):92–101 [...] source for the measured percentages: oral/undirected breathing ≈ 48%, nasal 0%, warm (46 °C)/room-temp pack 41%, cold (4 °C) pack 9%. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/147470490700500109" | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry footnote-gallup.
- CONFIRMED | [footnote-frontiers] "Gallup AC, Eldakar OT (2012; vol. 6 is dated 2012, published online 2 January 2013), "The thermoregulatory theory of yawning: what we know from over 5 years of research," *Frontiers in Neuroscience* 6:188. The brain-cooling theory's lead author, with a co-author, surveying the supporting and the contested evidence; cited here to mark the positive account as leading-but-debated rather than settled. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full" | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry footnote-frontiers.
- CONFIRMED | [footnote-co2] "Atmospheric CO₂ baseline: Mauna Loa annual mean, ≈349 ppm (0.0349%) around 1987 and ≈426 ppm today. 1% = 10,000 ppm, so 5% CO₂ ≈ 143× the 1987 ambient and 3% ≈ 86×; the cm-to-multiple arithmetic is recomputed in the verifier. NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory, Mauna Loa CO₂ record. https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/" | https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_annmean_mlo.txt ; https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_mm_mlo.txt; https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_annmean_mlo.txt; https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_mm_mlo.txt | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry footnote-co2. Contemporary means September 2026, now explicitly dated on the page.
- CONFIRMED | [footnote-today] "≈426 ppm today." | https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_mm_mlo.txt | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry footnote-today. Contemporary means September 2026, now explicitly dated on the page.
- CONFIRMED | [ppm-conversion] "1% = 10,000 ppm" | https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_annmean_mlo.txt | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry ppm-conversion.
- CONFIRMED | [html-popular] "Everyone “knows” you yawn because your blood is low on oxygen." | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-popular.
- CONFIRMED | [html-prediction] "flooding the blood with oxygen should stop the yawning" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-prediction.
- CONFIRMED | [html-co2-prediction] "loading it with carbon dioxide should set it off" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-co2-prediction.
- CONFIRMED | [html-air21] "21% [...] ordinary air" | https://www.noaa.gov/jetstream/atmosphere | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-air21.
- CONFIRMED | [html-pure] "100% · pure O₂" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-pure.
- CONFIRMED | [html-respond] "Breathing responded to every push" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-respond. This means no statistically significant yawning change in the tested conditions, not identical measured rates.
- CONFIRMED | [html-brainstem] "carbon dioxide, not oxygen, is the gas your brainstem actually watches." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:10501632%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-brainstem.
- CONFIRMED | [html-mechanism] "a yawn’s deep inhalation and jaw-stretch draw cooler blood and air toward a brain that runs best in a narrow thermal band." | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-mechanism.
- CONFIRMED | [html-48] "48% caught a contagious yawn (mouth / undirected)" | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-48.
- CONFIRMED | [html-41] "41% caught one (warm 46 °C / room-temp pack)" | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-41.
- CONFIRMED | [html-everytime] "Breathing rate rose every time; yawning showed no significant change." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-everytime. This means no statistically significant yawning change in the tested conditions, not identical measured rates.
- CONFIRMED | [html-timeline-provine] "100% O₂ and 3–5% CO₂ move breathing but not yawning; exercise doubles breathing, yawning holds flat." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-timeline-provine. This means no statistically significant yawning change in the tested conditions, not identical measured rates.
- CONFIRMED | [html-timeline-gallup] "Nasal breathing drops contagious yawning 48% → 0%; a cold (4 °C) forehead pack drops it 41% → 9% versus warm/room." | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-timeline-gallup.
- CONFIRMED | [html-origin] "The oxygen idea never came from a measurement." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-origin.
- CONFIRMED | [html-repeated] "It survived not because it was confirmed but because it was repeated, until the repetition itself felt like evidence." | https://www.americanscientist.org/sites/americanscientist.org/files/200510314450_646.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-repeated.
- CONFIRMED | [html-reference-1] "Provine RR, Tate BC, Geldmacher LL (1987). “Yawning: no effect of 3–5% CO₂, 100% O₂, and exercise.” Behavioral and Neural Biology 48(3):382–393. PMID 3120687. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3120687" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-reference-1.
- CONFIRMED | [html-reference-2] "Gallup AC & Gallup GG Jr. (2007). “Yawning as a Brain Cooling Mechanism: Nasal Breathing and Forehead Cooling Diminish the Incidence of Contagious Yawning.” Evolutionary Psychology 5(1):92–101. doi:10.1177/147470490700500109" | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-reference-2.
- CONFIRMED | [html-reference-3] "Gallup AC, Eldakar OT (2012; published online 2 January 2013). “The thermoregulatory theory of yawning: what we know from over 5 years of research.” Frontiers in Neuroscience 6:188. frontiersin.org" | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2012.00188/full | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-reference-3.
- CONFIRMED | [html-reference-4] "Atmospheric CO₂ baseline: NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory, Mauna Loa record (~349 ppm in 1987). gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends" | https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_annmean_mlo.txt | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-reference-4.
- CONFIRMED | [readout-verdict] "The dials drove breathing; yawning held flat. Two systems the folk theory calls one, pulled apart." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry readout-verdict. This means no statistically significant yawning change in the tested conditions, not identical measured rates.
- CONFIRMED | [readout-nasal] "caught one [...] nasal breathing eliminated it" | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry readout-nasal.
- CONFIRMED | [readout-cold] "caught one (cold 4 °C pack on the brow)" | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry readout-cold.
- CONFIRMED | [gauge-labels] "responds to CO₂ + exertion" | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:10501632%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry gauge-labels.
- CONFIRMED | [pure-maximum] "pure O₂, the most oxygen-rich air a person can take in." | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:3120687%20AND%20SRC:MED&format=json&resultType=core | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry pure-maximum.
- CONFIRMED | [nasal-readout-full] "0% caught one [...] nasal breathing eliminated it" | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry nasal-readout-full.
- CONFIRMED | [cold-readout-full] "9% caught one (cold 4 °C pack on the brow)" | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry cold-readout-full.
- CONFIRMED | [html-era-baseline] "the 1987 ambient of ~349 ppm" | https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_annmean_mlo.txt | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-era-baseline.
- CONFIRMED | [html-twenty-oh-seven] "Brain-cooling is proposed, with numbers." | https://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/Yawning_Report_Gallup_May_2007.pdf | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-codex.md, entry html-twenty-oh-seven.
- CONFIRMED | [multiples-verifier] These multiples are recomputed in the verifier against the real atmospheric figure; "up to roughly a hundred times normal" is the honest headline across the 3–5% range. | git show f5e5f84f34:research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry multiples-verifier.
- CONFIRMED | [elapsed-years] The 1987 refutation is nearly **four decades old** as of this writing -- **39 years**, by the arithmetic the verifier runs | git show f5e5f84f34:research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry elapsed-years.
- CONFIRMED | [twenty-years] Twenty years after Provine's refutation | git show f5e5f84f34:research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry twenty-years.
- CONFIRMED | [gallup-drop] a fall of **32 percentage points**, more than a fourfold reduction. | git show f5e5f84f34:research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry gallup-drop.
- CONFIRMED | [verifier-bound] The verifier deliberately asserts the cooling theory as *not proven* | git show f5e5f84f34:research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry verifier-bound.
- CONFIRMED | [ledger-multiples] 5% / 0.035% ≈ 143×; 3% ≈ 86×. | git show f5e5f84f34:research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry ledger-multiples.
- CONFIRMED | [caveat-multiples] The CO₂ enrichment was 86× (3%) to 143× (5%) of ambient, depending on the mixture and the era's atmospheric baseline | git show f5e5f84f34:research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry caveat-multiples.
- CONFIRMED | [caveat-years] simple arithmetic from the 1987 publication to this page's 2026 date | git show f5e5f84f34:research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry caveat-years.
- CONFIRMED | [canonical] The canonical page is now the interactive one at the `href` above | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/index.html; https://artwaste.land/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/ | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry canonical.
- CONFIRMED | [html-enriched] 5% · ×143 ambient | git show f5e5f84f34:research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs; https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_annmean_mlo.txt | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry html-enriched.
- CONFIRMED | [html-dials] The dials never move it. | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/index.html | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry html-dials.
- CONFIRMED | [html-breath-gauge] The breathing gauge shows the direction real respiratory chemistry dictates -- carbon dioxide drives ventilation -- not a simulated subject’s exact rate. | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/index.html | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry html-breath-gauge.
- CONFIRMED | [html-ghost] The dashed ghost on the yawning gauge is the oxygen story’s prediction , the thing that was falsified -- never a measurement. | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/index.html | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry html-ghost.
- CONFIRMED | [html-theory-bound] Nothing on this page computes the cooling theory true. | git show f5e5f84f34:research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry html-theory-bound.
- CONFIRMED | [html-footer-source] The full prose source of truth lives at this stratum’s markdown; the verifier is one command away. | git show f5e5f84f34:src/content/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.md | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry html-footer-source.
- CONFIRMED | [nearby-breathing] Both are about breathing and refuse the easy intuition. | git show f5e5f84f34:src/content/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.md | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry nearby-breathing.
- CONFIRMED | [nearby-myths] Two body myths corrected from the primary literature. | git show f5e5f84f34:src/content/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.md | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry nearby-myths.
- CONFIRMED | [nearby-repetition] This is a worked example of exactly the mechanism that page anatomizes. | git show f5e5f84f34:src/content/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.md | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry nearby-repetition.
- CONFIRMED | [nearby-everest] on the summit of Everest, climbers breathe so hard for oxygen that their… | git show f5e5f84f34:src/content/strata/can-you-climb-everest-without-oxygen.md | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry nearby-everest.
- CONFIRMED | [nearby-calories] Both catch the brain in the act: a physiological effect we blame on the obvious cause (oxygen; burned calories) that turns out to be about something else entirely. | git show f5e5f84f34:src/content/strata/does-thinking-hard-burn-calories.md | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry nearby-calories.
- CONFIRMED | [prediction-rule] oxygen story predicts yawning: | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/index.html | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry prediction-rule.
- CONFIRMED | [elapsed-headline] The oxygen story was falsified almost four decades ago. | git show f5e5f84f34:research/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/verify-the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air.mjs | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, entry elapsed-headline.
- CONFIRMED | [claude-added-114] (added) They put people in front of conditions designed to move blood gases hard in both directions. | https://www.baillement.com/provine5.html | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, final added-claim entries.
- CONFIRMED | [claude-added-115] (added) Pure oxygen, the CO₂ mixtures, the exercise -- all of them moved respiration, exactly as the chemistry says they should. | https://www.baillement.com/provine5.html | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, final added-claim entries.
- CONFIRMED | [claude-added-116] (added) up to ~143× the CO₂ in ordinary air (5% ÷ the 1987 ambient of ~349 ppm) | https://gml.noaa.gov/webdata/ccgg/trends/co2/co2_annmean_mlo.txt | Confirmed source reading retained from research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-gasp-that-isnt-for-air/N2-claude.md, final added-claim entries.

## Findings

- [fixed] X1 (WRONG, unsupported-mixed-replications): Removed the unsupported replication wording from the frontmatter, its HTML plain-language mirror, prose, ledger, uncertainty note, interactive panel and research README. The scientific dispute remains. One shared correction covers these copies.
- [fixed] X2 (MINOR, tongue-map-mistranslation): Changed the related-layer note from mistranslation to misleading replotting; MINOR, no page correction line.
- [fixed] X3 (WRONG, current-air-co2-baseline): Dated the rounded 0.035% baseline to the 1987 Mauna Loa annual mean; added the historical-baseline correction.
- [fixed] X4 (WRONG, current-air-co2-multiple): Replaced the present-day comparison with the historical one, dated the contemporary comparison, and added a correction. The rounded historical 143-fold and 86-fold calculations remain.
- [fixed] X5 (MINOR, recomputation-overclaim): Narrowed the affected checking promises in markdown, HTML, README and verifier commentary; regenerated the existing arithmetic mirror verbatim. MINOR, no page correction line.
- [fixed] X6 (WRONG, cooling-explains-fetal-yawning): Removed the unsupported explanation while retaining fetal yawning and the review's neutral assessment; added its own correction.
- [fixed] X7 (WRONG, cooling-explains-fish-yawning): Retained fish yawning while marking a cooling function unestablished; added its own correction.
- [fixed] X8 (WRONG, unsupported-mixed-replications): Removed the unsupported replication wording from the frontmatter, its HTML plain-language mirror, prose, ledger, uncertainty note, interactive panel and research README. The scientific dispute remains. One shared correction covers these copies.
- [fixed] X9 (WRONG, unsupported-mixed-replications): Removed the unsupported replication wording from the frontmatter, its HTML plain-language mirror, prose, ledger, uncertainty note, interactive panel and research README. The scientific dispute remains. One shared correction covers these copies.
- [fixed] X10 (WRONG, unsupported-mixed-replications): Removed the unsupported replication wording from the frontmatter, its HTML plain-language mirror, prose, ledger, uncertainty note, interactive panel and research README. The scientific dispute remains. One shared correction covers these copies.
- [fixed] X11 (MINOR, recomputation-overclaim): Narrowed the affected checking promises in markdown, HTML, README and verifier commentary; regenerated the existing arithmetic mirror verbatim. MINOR, no page correction line.
- [fixed] X12 (MINOR, recomputation-overclaim): Narrowed the affected checking promises in markdown, HTML, README and verifier commentary; regenerated the existing arithmetic mirror verbatim. MINOR, no page correction line.
- [fixed] X13 (WRONG, schematic-yawn-presented-as-measured): Labeled the bar, canvas, accessible description, prose and readout schematic, identified the tested conditions, and marked intermediate or combined settings untested. Removed the browser verifier's exact-measurement assertions and added one shared correction.
- [fixed] X14 (WRONG, four-measured-values): Described four displayed summaries from seven groups in two separate experiments, preserved the published figures, and added a correction.
- [fixed] X15 (WRONG, unsupported-mixed-replications): Removed the unsupported replication wording from the frontmatter, its HTML plain-language mirror, prose, ledger, uncertainty note, interactive panel and research README. The scientific dispute remains. One shared correction covers these copies.
- [fixed] X16 (MINOR, recomputation-overclaim): Narrowed the affected checking promises in markdown, HTML, README and verifier commentary; regenerated the existing arithmetic mirror verbatim. MINOR, no page correction line.
- [fixed] X17 (WRONG, schematic-yawn-presented-as-measured): Labeled the bar, canvas, accessible description, prose and readout schematic, identified the tested conditions, and marked intermediate or combined settings untested. Removed the browser verifier's exact-measurement assertions and added one shared correction.
- [fixed] X18 (MINOR, recomputation-overclaim): Narrowed the affected checking promises in markdown, HTML, README and verifier commentary; regenerated the existing arithmetic mirror verbatim. MINOR, no page correction line.
- [fixed] X19 (WRONG, schematic-yawn-presented-as-measured): Labeled the bar, canvas, accessible description, prose and readout schematic, identified the tested conditions, and marked intermediate or combined settings untested. Removed the browser verifier's exact-measurement assertions and added one shared correction.
- [fixed] X20 (WRONG, schematic-yawn-presented-as-measured): Labeled the bar, canvas, accessible description, prose and readout schematic, identified the tested conditions, and marked intermediate or combined settings untested. Removed the browser verifier's exact-measurement assertions and added one shared correction.
- [declined] X21 (MINOR, placard-check-identity): Left the generated wording as directed. The true browser/standalone statements refer to different files; the MINOR ambiguity belongs to shared placard class note 81816d, not a per-layer correction.
- [open note:81816d] X22 (STALE, placard-last-verified-date): The new record supplies 2026-10-14 for landing, but the rendered placard remains June 27. Its shared rebuild is prohibited in this worker. Held with shared placard class 81816d pending integration; no Updated or Corrected line under the triage exception.
- [fixed] X23 (WRONG, schematic-yawn-presented-as-measured): Labeled the bar, canvas, accessible description, prose and readout schematic, identified the tested conditions, and marked intermediate or combined settings untested. Removed the browser verifier's exact-measurement assertions and added one shared correction.
- [fixed] X24 (WRONG, schematic-yawn-presented-as-measured): Labeled the bar, canvas, accessible description, prose and readout schematic, identified the tested conditions, and marked intermediate or combined settings untested. Removed the browser verifier's exact-measurement assertions and added one shared correction.
- [fixed] X25 (WRONG, missing-oxygen-breathing-response): Added an explicitly illustrative oxygen term, updated all bench descriptions, and made the browser verifier check the oxygen response; added one shared correction.
- [fixed] K1 (WRONG, unsupported-mixed-replications): Removed the unsupported replication wording from the frontmatter, its HTML plain-language mirror, prose, ledger, uncertainty note, interactive panel and research README. The scientific dispute remains. One shared correction covers these copies.
- [fixed] K2 (MINOR, tongue-map-mistranslation): Changed the related-layer note from mistranslation to misleading replotting; MINOR, no page correction line.
- [fixed] K3 (WRONG, current-air-co2-baseline): Dated the rounded 0.035% baseline to the 1987 Mauna Loa annual mean; added the historical-baseline correction.
- [fixed] K4 (WRONG, current-air-co2-multiple): Replaced the present-day comparison with the historical one, dated the contemporary comparison, and added a correction. The rounded historical 143-fold and 86-fold calculations remain.
- [fixed] K5 (MINOR, stuffy-train-panting): Deleted the train example and retained the general respiratory role of CO2; MINOR, no page correction line.
- [fixed] K6 (MINOR, recomputation-overclaim): Narrowed the affected checking promises in markdown, HTML, README and verifier commentary; regenerated the existing arithmetic mirror verbatim. MINOR, no page correction line.
- [fixed] K7 (WRONG, cooling-explains-fetal-yawning): Removed the unsupported explanation while retaining fetal yawning and the review's neutral assessment; added its own correction.
- [fixed] K8 (WRONG, cooling-explains-fish-yawning): Retained fish yawning while marking a cooling function unestablished; added its own correction.
- [fixed] K9 (WRONG, unsupported-mixed-replications): Removed the unsupported replication wording from the frontmatter, its HTML plain-language mirror, prose, ledger, uncertainty note, interactive panel and research README. The scientific dispute remains. One shared correction covers these copies.
- [fixed] K10 (WRONG, unsupported-mixed-replications): Removed the unsupported replication wording from the frontmatter, its HTML plain-language mirror, prose, ledger, uncertainty note, interactive panel and research README. The scientific dispute remains. One shared correction covers these copies.
- [fixed] K11 (WRONG, missing-oxygen-breathing-response): Added an explicitly illustrative oxygen term, updated all bench descriptions, and made the browser verifier check the oxygen response; added one shared correction.
- [fixed] K12 (MINOR, recomputation-overclaim): Narrowed the affected checking promises in markdown, HTML, README and verifier commentary; regenerated the existing arithmetic mirror verbatim. MINOR, no page correction line.
- [fixed] K13 (MINOR, recomputation-overclaim): Narrowed the affected checking promises in markdown, HTML, README and verifier commentary; regenerated the existing arithmetic mirror verbatim. MINOR, no page correction line.
- [fixed] K14 (MINOR, undated-historical-co2-control): Added 1987 to the visible CO2 baseline and multiple labels; retained the valid historical control value. MINOR, no page correction line.
- [fixed] K15 (WRONG, four-measured-values): Described four displayed summaries from seven groups in two separate experiments, preserved the published figures, and added a correction.
- [fixed] K16 (WRONG, unsupported-mixed-replications): Removed the unsupported replication wording from the frontmatter, its HTML plain-language mirror, prose, ledger, uncertainty note, interactive panel and research README. The scientific dispute remains. One shared correction covers these copies.
- [fixed] K17 (MINOR, recomputation-overclaim): Narrowed the affected checking promises in markdown, HTML, README and verifier commentary; regenerated the existing arithmetic mirror verbatim. MINOR, no page correction line.
- [fixed] K18 (MINOR, review-stance-attribution): Made the timeline distinguish the review authors' defense from the page's cautious assessment; MINOR, no page correction line.
- [fixed] K19 (MINOR, recomputation-overclaim): Narrowed the affected checking promises in markdown, HTML, README and verifier commentary; regenerated the existing arithmetic mirror verbatim. MINOR, no page correction line.
- [fixed] K20 (WRONG, schematic-yawn-presented-as-measured): Labeled the bar, canvas, accessible description, prose and readout schematic, identified the tested conditions, and marked intermediate or combined settings untested. Removed the browser verifier's exact-measurement assertions and added one shared correction.
- [fixed] K21 (WRONG, schematic-yawn-presented-as-measured): Labeled the bar, canvas, accessible description, prose and readout schematic, identified the tested conditions, and marked intermediate or combined settings untested. Removed the browser verifier's exact-measurement assertions and added one shared correction.
- [declined] K22 (MINOR, placard-check-identity): Left the generated wording as directed. The true browser/standalone statements refer to different files; the MINOR ambiguity belongs to shared placard class note 81816d, not a per-layer correction.
- [open note:81816d] K23 (STALE, placard-last-verified-date): The new record supplies 2026-10-14 for landing, but the rendered placard remains June 27. Its shared rebuild is prohibited in this worker. Held with shared placard class 81816d pending integration; no Updated or Corrected line under the triage exception.
- [fixed] K24 (WRONG, unsupported-mixed-replications): Removed the unsupported replication wording from the frontmatter, its HTML plain-language mirror, prose, ledger, uncertainty note, interactive panel and research README. The scientific dispute remains. One shared correction covers these copies.