---
slug: the-snows-of-yesteryear
passed: 2026-10-14
by: the assay line (research/assay-line/queue-1014c/), Codex fixer directed by claude-assaying-boyle-1014; source record by Codex, checked by Codex
checked: 109
confirmed: 78
wrong: 30
unverifiable: 0
observed: 0
stale: 1
---

This was the directed 2026-10-14 correction pass for the 32 items in this layer's queue-1014c triage, starting from c8289bd340. The fixer re-read each item's evidence before editing, retained X28 as literary criticism, and carried forward the 77 CONFIRMED claims that the N2 checker re-read in its pinned f5e5f84f34 audit; their notes are explicitly attributed to that checker rather than presented as 77 new fixer checks. The counts include 22 WRONG and 8 MINOR lines in wrong, plus the STALE metadata field. The seven public corrections cover only WRONG findings; the MINOR fixes are recorded here, and the dateModified exception has no separate public line.

The repair review checked all three fix-checker problems and all seven mirrored dated corrections. It corrected the remaining CSS comment and retained the correction texts. Ten item dispositions below remain open for surviving copies in other layers, grouped into the two NOTE NEEDED paragraphs in research/assay-line/queue-1014c/the-snows-of-yesteryear/repair-report.md. The claim counts are unchanged: 78 CONFIRMED + 22 WRONG + 8 MINOR + 1 STALE = 109.

## Claims

- MINOR | [X1] “Paris, 1461” | http://www.kisling.nl/paulverhuyck/DamesNeiges2004.pdf | Verhuyck, PDF pp. 11–13, distinguishes conventional Testament dating in 1461–1462 from disputed composition of this ballade. His earlier date and non-Paris setting depend on his snow-statue proposal. The header now says c. 1461 for Le Testament and explicitly leaves the ballade's date and place uncertain.
- WRONG | [X2] “English has no single word for it.” | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/yesteryear; https://archive.org/details/scenesthoughtsin00calv/page/n20/mode/1up | Merriam-Webster definition 1 is last year. I also inspected Calvert's page 5 and the 1846 title and copyright leaves. English has the single word yesteryear; neither the present-tense denial nor the pre-Rossetti absence survives that evidence.
- WRONG | [X3] “So in 1870 a translator made one, and you have been using it ever since.” | https://archive.org/details/scenesthoughtsin00calv/page/n20/mode/1up | Calvert's page 5 prints the doings of yesterday or yesteryear. I inspected the page image and both preliminary leaves dated 1846. This predates the 1870 translation; it establishes neither the first coiner nor Rossetti's knowledge of this printing.
- WRONG | [X4] “English had no word for it, so in 1870 Dante Gabriel Rossetti coined one, yester-year, to translate it.” | https://archive.org/details/scenesthoughtsin00calv/page/n20/mode/1up | The same inspected Calvert printing contradicts the frontmatter plain-language coinage story. The authored plain field now describes Rossetti's use and the earlier printing; refresh.mjs regenerates its aw-plain copy.
- WRONG | [X5] “English had no word for it, so in 1870 Dante Gabriel Rossetti made one: yesteryear.” | https://archive.org/details/scenesthoughtsin00calv/page/n20/mode/1up | Calvert's inspected 1846 printing contradicts the descriptions and JSON-LD first-invention story. Rossetti's 1870 publication remains supported by the Rossetti Archive's first-edition transcription, successfully read with curl after web retrieval returned 403.
- WRONG | [X6] “a word most speakers never suspect was minted, once, to carry one French syllable across.” | https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/antan | French Wiktionary gives /ɑ̃.tɑ̃/: two vowel nuclei and an explicit syllable boundary. One French word replaces one French syllable, including in the social-card template. The phonetics do not establish most speakers' awareness; that unsupported generalisation was removed without calling it disproved.
- WRONG | [X7] “English can say last year in two words, but it cannot say it in one” | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/yesteryear; https://archive.org/details/scenesthoughtsin00calv/page/n20/mode/1up | Merriam-Webster gives yesteryear the literal last-year sense, and the inspected Calvert printing predates Rossetti. The paragraph now compares phrasing and register instead of asserting that English cannot express the sense in one word.
- WRONG | [X8] “In 1870, in the volume simply called Poems, Dante Gabriel Rossetti printed his version, The Ballad of Dead Ladies, and at the foot of every stanza he set a word the dictionaries record nowhere before that page.” | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/yesteryear; https://archive.org/details/scenesthoughtsin00calv/page/n20/mode/1up | Wiktionary explicitly records Calvert as published in 1846, page 5, and the inspected scan agrees. The universal dictionary claim fails; the 1870 Poems publication and the quoted refrain remain unchanged.
- WRONG | [X9] “No dictionary records an earlier use.” | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/yesteryear; https://archive.org/details/scenesthoughtsin00calv/page/n20/mode/1up | Wiktionary records the 1846 use. I also re-read Etymonline: it really does credit Rossetti. Its existing quotation is preserved, followed by the contrary earlier primary attestation; the author's no-earlier-dictionary assertion is removed.
- WRONG | [X10] “a word the dictionaries record nowhere before that page.” | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/yesteryear; https://archive.org/details/scenesthoughtsin00calv/page/n20/mode/1up | This is the first-attestation clause also recorded in X8. Wiktionary and the inspected Calvert page contradict it. The shared sentence is corrected once, without changing the poem's words.
- WRONG | [X11] “Rossetti's yesteryear, the instant it was made, drifted toward the grand and the far: it does not say last year to an English ear; it says the romantic, irrecoverable past.” | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/yesteryear | Calvert predates the supposed creation event. Merriam-Webster retains both last year and time gone by and does not date an instantaneous semantic change to Rossetti. The page now presents wider emotional resonance as a critical reading, with no instant-change chronology.
- WRONG | [X12] “The two public-domain English hands that translate this ballade split on exactly that axis” | https://www.gutenberg.org/files/2622/2622-h/2622-h.htm | I read Lang's complete Ballade of Dead Ladies and its attribution in The Home Book of Verse, volume 4, immediately after Rossetti's poem. Its refrain is Nay, but where is the last year's snow? The two English gallery cards are therefore a selection, not an exhaustive corpus.
- WRONG | [X13] “Rossetti coins (yester-year)” | https://archive.org/details/scenesthoughtsin00calv/page/n20/mode/1up | The inspected Calvert printing predates Rossetti. The strategy is now labelled romantic and the page describes Rossetti's use. His quoted yester-year, including the hyphen, is preserved; the internal coin key is retained only for existing styles and controls.
- WRONG | [X14] “Paul Verhuyck proposed that the neiges d'antan are not a generic figure for transience at all, but a memory of something real: the carved snow statues” | http://www.kisling.nl/paulverhuyck/DamesNeiges2004.pdf | I downloaded and read Verhuyck's PDF. Page 3 says the literal extension excludes no other interpretation; page 6 explicitly keeps the transience metaphor. The page now calls the snow-statue proposal an additional possible referent, not a rejection of metaphor.
- MINOR | [X15] “of the late-medieval Low Countries and northern France, where after a hard freeze the towns” / “Arras, Lille, Tournai, Antwerp” / “would sculpt snow effigies of kings, saints, and famous women in the streets.” | http://www.kisling.nl/paulverhuyck/DamesNeiges2004.pdf | Verhuyck, PDF pp. 4–5, gives Tournai 1422 and Arras 1434, then Lille 1600/1603 and Antwerp in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The page now separates the medieval examples from later continuations.
- WRONG | [X16] “The two load-bearing facts” / “that antan descends from ante annum / “last year,” and that yesteryear is Rossetti's 1870 coinage for this refrain” / “are sourced below, each to a reference work, not asserted from the air.” | https://archive.org/details/scenesthoughtsin00calv/page/n20/mode/1up; git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/the-snows-of-yesteryear/index.html | The dictionary attributions are real, but Calvert's inspected 1846 printing contradicts Rossetti-first as an established fact. The apparatus now distinguishes cited attributions from primary evidence and states what its offline check actually compares.
- MINOR | [X17] “the apparatus below records the edition used and the variant readings of the line that scholars have debated.” | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/the-snows-of-yesteryear/index.html; http://www.kisling.nl/paulverhuyck/DamesNeiges2004.pdf | I read the full apparatus and Verhuyck's discussion. The apparatus supplies an edition and a punctuation difference, not the promised scholarly collation of variant readings. Both the promise and the adjacent claim to have documented that debate now match the actual edition and punctuation discussion.
- WRONG | [X18] “Andrew Lang, W. E. Henley, and A. C. Swinburne did not translate this ballade.” | https://www.gutenberg.org/files/2622/2622-h/2622-h.htm | The complete poem and Andrew Lang attribution in The Home Book of Verse directly falsify the negative. The apparatus now acknowledges Lang and limits observations about Henley and Swinburne to named texts; the verifier now requires the positive Lang acknowledgment instead of the false negative.
- MINOR | [X19] “runs offline, no network, and re-derives every quoted refrain, the three-way strategy classification, and the etymological chain.” | git show f5e5f84f34:research/villon-antan/verify.mjs | I read the verifier: it reads the HTML, compares embedded Rossetti and Payne strings with includes, and checks strings or patterns for the other claims. Re-derives is replaced by an accurate description of transcription and presence checks.
- MINOR | [X20] “Both renderings are out of copyright and byte-checked against their printings in `research/villon-antan/verify.mjs`” | git show f5e5f84f34:research/villon-antan/verify.mjs | The verifier compares the HTML with embedded transcriptions, not with fetched printings. Its real comparison justifies MINOR, as the triage directs. The body and related check descriptions now name that limited reference; no quoted refrain is altered.
- WRONG | [X21] “keren mistranslated as cornuta” | https://www.sefaria.org/Exodus.34.29; https://www.thetorah.com/article/moses-shining-or-horned-face | I re-read Strawn's quotation of Exodus 34:29 and Moses Grew Horns. The form is the verb qāran, related to qeren. Strawn defends a horned reading and discusses disagreement. The relation note now distinguishes verb and noun and describes the competing readings as disputed.
- WRONG | [X22] “There the cross buried in excrucior goes missing across nine renderings;” | git show f9f5eeb77eb:public/strata/odi-et-amo/index.html; git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/odi-et-amo/index.html; git show 82f234387b1 | I extracted the odi-et-amo gallery at both f9f5eeb77eb and f5e5f84f34: each has ten who entries and nine distinct translators, with Cranstoun twice. The July 20 correction 82f234387b1 names the same miscount. This was wrong at this layer's birth, not a later corpus expansion.
- WRONG | [X23] “here antan admits exactly two settlements” | https://www.bopsecrets.org/recent/villon.htm | I read Knabb's own page, including its free translation and 1999 attribution. Years gone by is another phrasing beyond the two selected gallery treatments. The relation note now limits its contrast to that selection.
- WRONG | [X24] “Both stand a poem on a single resistant locus and lay every public-domain English hand beside it, so the disagreement becomes the evidence.” | https://www.gutenberg.org/files/2622/2622-h/2622-h.htm | Lang's complete attributed poem supplies a public-domain counterexample to the asserted exhaustive gallery. The authored relation note now describes selected renderings; refresh.mjs regenerates its nearby teaser only on this layer.
- WRONG | [X25] “A poem, or a single word, laid across every public-domain English hand, so the disagreement becomes the evidence.” | https://www.gutenberg.org/files/2622/2622-h/2622-h.htm | Lang's attributed poem is absent from this page's two-English-card gallery. The layer-owned footer now says selected public-domain English hands.
- MINOR | [X26] “a refrain needs one” | https://archive.org/download/poemsofmasterfra00villiala/poemsofmasterfra00villiala_djvu.txt | I read Payne's OCR text around printed pp. 38–39: the refrain uses last year's snow, a multiword treatment. The page now discusses compact phrasing as a choice and explicitly acknowledges that Payne's longer phrasing works.
- WRONG | [X27] “Had no English word for antan, so he made one” | https://archive.org/details/scenesthoughtsin00calv/page/n20/mode/1up | Calvert's inspected 1846 printing defeats the gallery note's first-invention assertion. The note now says Rossetti used the word. The literary judgment in X28 is preserved verbatim.
- CONFIRMED | [X28] “it says not last year but all of the vanished past.” | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/yesteryear | REJECTED with evidence, following the triage: the card frames this as a critical reading with Beautiful, and one notch larger than the French. Merriam-Webster retains time gone by and describes the refrain's melancholy nostalgia. Its additional literal sense does not disprove that reading of the refrain; X27 separately fixes the coinage claim.
- WRONG | [X29] “the language kept the invention, not the fidelity.” | https://archive.org/details/scenesthoughtsin00calv/page/n20/mode/1up; https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/yesteryear | The relation note's invention explicitly referred to Rossetti, contradicted by Calvert. Merriam-Webster also retains the literal sense. The note now discusses Rossetti's phrasing and broader resonance while retaining that literal sense.
- STALE | [X30] “"dateModified":"2026-06-21"” | git log f5e5f84f34 -- public/strata/the-snows-of-yesteryear/index.html; git show 01baf9c8f5e | I read the page history: 01baf9c8f5e adds the recipe link on September 28 and 2e60bcb5dd1 changes image metadata on October 1. The field is now 2026-10-14, the requested pass date. The explicit dateModified exception applies; the other corrections date this revision, so this item has no separate public Updated line.
- MINOR | [X31] “a distortion the receiving culture then carved in marble for centuries.” | https://www.thetorah.com/article/moses-shining-or-horned-face | Strawn documents the artistic tradition while defending the horned reading and acknowledging disagreement. The relation note now says horned interpretation, preserving the art-history point without the unqualified judgment distortion.
- MINOR | [X32] (added) “It does not mean the past, or long ago.” | https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/antan | French Wiktionary lists both the previous-year sense and Autrefois. The opening now identifies the literal sense under discussion rather than denying the broader sense. The quoted poem remains unchanged.
- CONFIRMED | “the refrain of the Ballade des dames du temps jadis · Le Testament (1461)” | https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Le_Grand_Testament/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [002 testament-date] The edition heading says "FAIT EN 1461" and contains this ballade within Le Grand Testament.
- CONFIRMED | “Middle French → English” | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [003 middle-french] The record excerpt "Language Middle French" matches the poem; the original text and the English renderings independently establish the language pair.
- CONFIRMED | “In Villon's century it meant, exactly, last year” | https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/antan; https://le-capital-des-mots.fr/dictionnaire/A/antan | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [005 historical-meaning] Wiktionary gives "L’année dernière"; the TLFi transcription explicitly dates Villon's literal sense to about 1461. This confirms the literal gloss, not an exclusive interpretation of the poem.
- CONFIRMED | “Villon's antan, which in 1461 meant, exactly, last year.” | https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/antan; https://le-capital-des-mots.fr/dictionnaire/A/antan | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [008 dek-meaning] Wiktionary gives "L’année dernière"; the TLFi transcription explicitly dates Villon's literal sense to about 1461. This confirms the literal gloss, not an exclusive interpretation of the poem.
- CONFIRMED | “Merriam-Webster dates its first known use to this poem” | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/yesteryear | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [011 dek-mw] Merriam-Webster gives "1870" under First Known Use and discusses this poem and Rossetti in its word-history paragraph. This is a correct account of that dictionary, despite the earlier Calvert attestation.
- CONFIRMED | “He printed it hyphenated, yester-year; the hyphen has since closed, and yesteryear is now ordinary English” | https://rossettiarchive.iath.virginia.edu/docs/1-1870.1stedn.rad.html; https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/yesteryear | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [012 dictionary-closed] Rossetti's printing has "yester-year"; the modern dictionary headword is "yesteryear". The closed form also existed before Rossetti, so this spelling contrast is not evidence of coinage.
- CONFIRMED | “Mais où sont les neiges d'antan ?” | https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Le_Grand_Testament/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [014 villon-refrain] The supplied edition has the same words with an exclamation mark. The page expressly discloses that its banner uses modernised question punctuation; the source-tool quote warning is not an undisclosed textual error.
- CONFIRMED | “But where are the snows of-last-year?” | https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/antan; https://le-capital-des-mots.fr/dictionnaire/A/antan | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [015 literal-crib] Wiktionary gives "L’année dernière"; the TLFi transcription explicitly dates Villon's literal sense to about 1461. This confirms the literal gloss, not an exclusive interpretation of the poem.
- CONFIRMED | “Flora, Thaïs, Echo;” | https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Le_Grand_Testament/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [016 ladies-names] The opening stanza names "Flora", "Thaïs", and "Echo".
- CONFIRMED | “Heloise, for whom Abelard was gelded and made a monk;” | https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Le_Grand_Testament/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [017 heloise-abelard] The ballade says "Pour qui fut chastré et puis moyne" about "Pierre Esbaillart". Checked as the page's account of the poem.
- CONFIRMED | “the queen who had Buridan thrown in a sack into the Seine;” | https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Le_Grand_Testament/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [018 buridan] The ballade says "Qui commanda que Buridan / Fust jetté en ung sac en Seine". The page is summarising the poem; this does not authenticate the underlying legend.
- CONFIRMED | “Jehanne la bonne Lorraine” | https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Le_Grand_Testament/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [019 jehanne] The source reads "Et Jehanne, la bonne Lorraine,". The page quotes the name and epithet with punctuation normalised; the tool's comma warning does not change the words.
- CONFIRMED | “Joan of Arc, whom the English burned at Rouen.” | https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Le_Grand_Testament/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [020 joan-rouen] The next line is "Qu’Anglois bruslèrent à Rouen". This supports the page's gloss of the poem.
- CONFIRMED | “Each stanza asks, and each stanza answers with the same line” | https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Le_Grand_Testament/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [021 every-stanza] Read the three eight-line stanzas and the envoi: each closes with the refrain. The envoi instructs the reader not to ask again.
- CONFIRMED | “Antan comes, worn smooth by a thousand years of mouths, from the Latin ante annum” / “ante, before, + annum, the year: the year before this one.” | https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/antan; https://le-capital-des-mots.fr/dictionnaire/A/antan | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [023 latin-bones] The recorded derivation through Vulgar Latin to Old French matches Wiktionary and TLFi. The thousand-year phrase is approximate historical framing, not a dated first attestation.
- CONFIRMED | “Latin preposition” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/ante- | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [024 ante-meaning] Etymonline explicitly identifies ante as a Latin preposition and adverb meaning before or in front of.
- CONFIRMED | “The same root under English ante-cedent, ante-room.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/antecedent; https://www.etymonline.com/word/ante-room | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [025 ante-english] Read the dedicated antecedent and ante-room entries as well as ante-. Both derive their initial element from Latin ante; the record's excerpt alone covered only antecedent.
- CONFIRMED | “accusative of annus, year” | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/annum | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [026 annum-case] The Latin section gives "accusative singular of annus".
- CONFIRMED | “under English annual, anniversary.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/annual; https://www.etymonline.com/word/anniversary | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [027 annum-english] Dedicated annual and anniversary entries trace both words to annus. The source record instead quotes the English per-annum etymology, which does not by itself support these two derivations.
- CONFIRMED | “Vulgar Latin *ant(e) annu → Old French antan.” | https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/antan; https://le-capital-des-mots.fr/dictionnaire/A/antan | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [028 vulgar-chain] The recorded derivation through Vulgar Latin to Old French matches Wiktionary and TLFi. The thousand-year phrase is approximate historical framing, not a dated first attestation.
- CONFIRMED | “In Villon's fifteenth-century French antan still carried its literal force” / “the previous year” / “though by his day it was already drifting toward the general bygone it means in the rare modern survivals.” | https://le-capital-des-mots.fr/dictionnaire/A/antan | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [029 early-broadening] The TLFi transcription distinguishes a pre-1188 adjectival sense "de naguère" from the literal Villon sense around 1461. That supports the existence of a broader use by Villon's day, without settling this poem's interpretation.
- CONFIRMED | “Etymology per the Trésor de la Langue Française and Wiktionary (s.v. antan); both derive it from ante annum.” | https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/antan; https://le-capital-des-mots.fr/dictionnaire/A/antan | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [030 etym-citation] Both lexical accounts derive antan from ante annum. Direct CNRTL requests returned only a portal shell; I read the explicitly labelled TLFi transcription at the second URL, rather than treating the shell as evidence of absence.
- CONFIRMED | “yester- (as in yester day, from Old English ġeostran, “the day before”) + year” / “a calque on the very bones of antan.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/yesteryear | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [036 yester-etym] The source derives yester- from Old English geostran, glossed as yesterday. "The day before" is a reasonable English gloss, not a verbatim quotation attributed to Etymonline. Morphological transparency does not establish who first coined the compound.
- CONFIRMED | “Merriam-Webster dates the word's first known use to 1870, this poem;” | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/yesteryear | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [037 mw-first] Merriam-Webster gives "1870" under First Known Use and discusses this poem and Rossetti in its word-history paragraph. This is a correct account of that dictionary, despite the earlier Calvert attestation.
- CONFIRMED | “etymonline calls it Rossetti's coinage for this refrain.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/yesteryear | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [038 etym-credit] Etymonline does make the quoted Rossetti/1870 attribution. The omitted passages in the page's quotation are signalled with ellipses. Accurate quotation of a reference work does not make its historical assertion correct.
- CONFIRMED | “They sit eight years apart and choose opposite walls.” | https://rossettiarchive.iath.virginia.edu/docs/1-1870.1stedn.rad.html; https://archive.org/metadata/poemsofmasterfra00villiala | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [041 eight-years] The Rossetti volume is 1870 and the Payne printing is 1878. Recomputed: 1878 - 1870 = 8.
- CONFIRMED | “Payne keeps it literal (last year's snow)” | https://archive.org/download/poemsofmasterfra00villiala/poemsofmasterfra00villiala_djvu.txt | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [042 payne-literal] The 1878 text reads "But what has become of last year's snow ?". The space before the question mark is normalised on the page; the words agree.
- CONFIRMED | ““Strategy” classes only the treatment of antan in the refrain, not the merit of the whole translation.” | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/the-snows-of-yesteryear/index.html | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [044 classification] The rendering data assign Rossetti coin and Payne lit; the source card is src. The labels concern the refrain, not a score for the complete poems.
- CONFIRMED | “Each card's full source” | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/the-snows-of-yesteryear/index.html | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [045 card-sources] The Sources list names the French edition, Rossetti volume and archive, and Payne volume and scan. The provided excerpt was merely a section heading; I read the actual entries.
- CONFIRMED | “a chip dims the rest” | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/the-snows-of-yesteryear/index.html; git show f5e5f84f34:memory/log.d/2026-06-21T1245Z-snows-of-yesteryear.md | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [046 chip-behavior] Inspected the event handlers: the chip toggles dim on off-strategy cards, preserving the source anchor; the card text and why control toggle its note. The author's dated log also records these interactions.
- CONFIRMED | “tap a card to read the hand.” | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/the-snows-of-yesteryear/index.html; git show f5e5f84f34:memory/log.d/2026-06-21T1245Z-snows-of-yesteryear.md | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [047 tap-card] Inspected the event handlers: the chip toggles dim on off-strategy cards, preserving the source anchor; the card text and why control toggle its note. The author's dated log also records these interactions.
- CONFIRMED | “Richard Wilbur keeps it literal (last year's snow)” | https://theberkshireedge.com/anyone-for-tennyson-richard-wilbur-urbanity-and-humanity/ | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [048 wilbur-literal] The full article really contains Wilbur's refrain "But where shall last year’s snow be found?". Curl read it successfully despite the source tool's challenge-page classification.
- CONFIRMED | “Ken Knabb generalises (years gone by)” | https://www.bopsecrets.org/recent/villon.htm | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [049 knabb-broader] The translator's own page gives "Where are the snows of years gone by?" and identifies his 1999 free translation.
- CONFIRMED | “the gallery holds the two public-domain poles” | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/the-snows-of-yesteryear/index.html | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [051 gallery-two] The actual rendering array contains exactly these two English cards plus the French source. This narrower description of the selected gallery is true; the exhaustive claims are separately marked wrong.
- CONFIRMED | “The Dutch Romanist Paul Verhuyck” | https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_tie002201901_01/_tie002201901_01_0020.php; https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12097732j | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [052 verhuyck-identity] DBNL identifies him as a Romanist; BnF additionally lists "Pays : Pays-Bas" and his Leiden appointment. Birth in Belgium does not by itself refute the page's Dutch identification.
- CONFIRMED | “The winter of 1457–58 was one such freeze, when the Seine itself iced over.” | http://www.kisling.nl/paulverhuyck/DamesNeiges2004.pdf | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [055 freeze-seine] Verhuyck explicitly includes the Seine among the frozen rivers in winter 1457-1458 (PDF p. 12), with chronicle references. The secondary excerpt was accurate on this point.
- CONFIRMED | “a double death, the women and their snow images both gone by spring.” | http://www.kisling.nl/paulverhuyck/DamesNeiges2004.pdf | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [056 double-death] The proposal describes the disappearance of both the dead women and their recent snow images (PDF p. 7). The page clearly introduces this as a reading, not an observed snow festival.
- CONFIRMED | “Every refrain line in the gallery is transcribed from a public-domain printing and re-asserted byte-for-byte by research/villon-antan/verify.mjs, which also checks the part each translator gives to antan and the etymological claims.” | git show f5e5f84f34:research/villon-antan/verify.mjs; https://rossettiarchive.iath.virginia.edu/docs/1-1870.1stedn.rad.html; https://archive.org/download/poemsofmasterfra00villiala/poemsofmasterfra00villiala_djvu.txt | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [058 verifier-transcription] Read every assertion and ran the pinned program: it reasserts the two fixed refrain strings and the normalised French banner, with presence tests for the etymology and strategy labels. The independently fetched refrains agree. Its limited source independence is addressed in byte-check-printings.
- CONFIRMED | “Villon's own manuscripts and the early prints vary in spelling and accent (fifteenth-century French is pre-orthographic);” | http://www.kisling.nl/paulverhuyck/DamesNeiges2004.pdf; https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Le_Grand_Testament/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [060 spelling-original] The Rychner-Henry text and variant apparatus reproduced by Verhuyck contain anten, entan, antan and antent, while Jannet uses antan. This confirms variation in transmitted manuscripts and editions; it does not establish surviving autograph manuscripts.
- CONFIRMED | “Refrain and text as printed in Œuvres complètes de François Villon, ed. Jannet / La Monnoye (A. Lemerre, 1876), via French Wikisource:” | https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Le_Grand_Testament/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis; http://www.kisling.nl/paulverhuyck/DamesNeiges2004.pdf | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [063 french-reference] The Wikisource heading identifies La Monnoye, Jannet, A. Lemerre and 1876; the edited text prints the refrain with !. Its typography differs from the manuscript readings in the critical text.
- CONFIRMED | “this is the regularised nineteenth-century text, not a diplomatic transcription of Villon's manuscripts nor Marot's 1533 typography;” | https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Le_Grand_Testament/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis; http://www.kisling.nl/paulverhuyck/DamesNeiges2004.pdf | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [064 edition-regularised] The Wikisource heading identifies La Monnoye, Jannet, A. Lemerre and 1876; the edited text prints the refrain with !. Its typography differs from the manuscript readings in the critical text.
- CONFIRMED | “it prints the refrain with a final !.” | https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Le_Grand_Testament/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis; http://www.kisling.nl/paulverhuyck/DamesNeiges2004.pdf | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [065 exclamation] The Wikisource heading identifies La Monnoye, Jannet, A. Lemerre and 1876; the edited text prints the refrain with !. Its typography differs from the manuscript readings in the critical text.
- CONFIRMED | “Rossetti, “The Ballad of Dead Ladies” (Poems, F. S. Ellis, 1870; translated 1869).” | https://rossettiarchive.iath.virginia.edu/docs/38-1869.raw.html; https://rossettiarchive.iath.virginia.edu/docs/1-1870.1stedn.rad.html | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [068 rossetti-reference] The archive gives composition in 1869 and first proof printing in August 1869; the 1870 Poems volume supplies the cited publication. This also distinguishes composition from public book publication.
- CONFIRMED | “But where are the snows of yester-year?” | https://rossettiarchive.iath.virginia.edu/docs/1-1870.1stedn.rad.html | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [069 rossetti-quote] Read the poem at pp. 177-178 of the archive transcription and counted four instances of the identical hyphenated refrain.
- CONFIRMED | “hyphenated, all four occurrences” | https://rossettiarchive.iath.virginia.edu/docs/1-1870.1stedn.rad.html | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [070 four-hyphens] Read the poem at pp. 177-178 of the archive transcription and counted four instances of the identical hyphenated refrain.
- CONFIRMED | “Payne, “Ballad of Old-Time Ladies” (The Poems of Master Francis Villon of Paris, Villon Society, 1878).” | https://archive.org/metadata/poemsofmasterfra00villiala; https://archive.org/download/poemsofmasterfra00villiala/poemsofmasterfra00villiala_djvu.txt | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [072 payne-reference] The metadata identify the Villon Society, 1878 and John Payne; the contents and p. 38 identify Ballad of Old-Time Ladies.
- CONFIRMED | “But what has become of last year's snow?” | https://archive.org/download/poemsofmasterfra00villiala/poemsofmasterfra00villiala_djvu.txt | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [073 payne-quote] The 1878 text reads "But what has become of last year's snow ?". The space before the question mark is normalised on the page; the words agree.
- CONFIRMED | “the source is OCR'd;” | https://archive.org/metadata/poemsofmasterfra00villiala | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [074 payne-ocr] Archive metadata identify OCR and abbyy-to-hocr conversion; the downloaded text shows OCR artefacts.
- CONFIRMED | “coined 1870 by Dante Gabriel Rossetti … to translate French antan … in a refrain by François Villon.” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/yesteryear | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [076 etym-quote] Etymonline does make the quoted Rossetti/1870 attribution. The omitted passages in the page's quotation are signalled with ellipses. Accurate quotation of a reference work does not make its historical assertion correct.
- CONFIRMED | “Trésor de la Langue Française and Wiktionary, s.v. antan.” | https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/antan; https://le-capital-des-mots.fr/dictionnaire/A/antan | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [077 antan-reference] Both lexical accounts derive antan from ante annum. Direct CNRTL requests returned only a portal shell; I read the explicitly labelled TLFi transcription at the second URL, rather than treating the shell as evidence of absence.
- CONFIRMED | “French Wikipedia notes the word lets the reader move from the first sense (l'année d'avant) to the broader indefinite past.” | https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [078 french-wikipedia-meaning] The poem article explicitly allows both the first sense and a broader indefinite past. The record points instead to the general Villon article and quotes only its literal gloss; the claim is true with this corrected source.
- CONFIRMED | “Villon labelled the poem merely Ballade;” | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis; http://www.kisling.nl/paulverhuyck/DamesNeiges2004.pdf | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [079 villon-title] The reference article distinguishes the simple Ballade label from Marot's expanded 1533 title; Verhuyck also attributes the expanded title to Marot.
- CONFIRMED | “the title des dames du temps jadis was supplied by Clément Marot in his 1533 edition.” | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis; http://www.kisling.nl/paulverhuyck/DamesNeiges2004.pdf | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [080 marot-title] The reference article distinguishes the simple Ballade label from Marot's expanded 1533 title; Verhuyck also attributes the expanded title to Marot.
- CONFIRMED | “Paul Verhuyck, “François Villon et les neiges d'antan” (from a 1989 BHVP colloquium, proceedings 1993).” | http://www.kisling.nl/paulverhuyck/DamesNeiges2004.pdf; https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Villon | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [081 verhuyck-reference] The accessible PDF cover has the longer title used by the page; its inner title is shorter. The bibliography identifies the 15-17 December 1989 colloquium and 1993 proceedings.
- CONFIRMED | “Lang's Ballads and Lyrics of Old France (1872) holds only three Villon pieces, not this one;” | https://www.gutenberg.org/files/795/795-h/795-h.htm | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [086 lang-1872] Read the 1872 contents: the three Villon items are Rondel, Arbor Amoris and Ballad of the Gibbet. Positive control: those headings and their full texts are present; the Ladies title/refrain is not in this collection. The limited 1872 result does not establish a lifetime negative.
- CONFIRMED | “Henley's Villon work is in thieves' cant;” | https://rpo.library.utoronto.ca/content/villons-straight-tip-all-cross-coves | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [087 henley-cant] The named Henley text contains thieves' cant, including "Suppose you screeve? or go cheap-jack?". This establishes the identified work's register, not a complete negative bibliography.
- CONFIRMED | “Swinburne translated the companion Ballade des seigneurs (“Ballad of the Lords of Old Time”), a different poem.” | https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/27401/pg27401-images.html | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [088 swinburne-lords] Read the companion translation and Swinburne's prefatory note crediting Rossetti with the Ladies translation. The heading is "BALLAD OF THE LORDS OF OLD TIME".
- CONFIRMED | “The live page is driven in a real browser by verify-yesteryear.mjs” | git show f5e5f84f34:verify-yesteryear.mjs | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [091 browser-check] The browser program launches Chromium and drives this page through a local server. It reads built HTML at an absolute dist path, not the public URL. This confirms its mechanism; the downloadable script's portability failure is a separate reader finding.
- CONFIRMED | “This layer's check opens this page in a real browser and drives it.” | git show f5e5f84f34:verify-yesteryear.mjs | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [093 placard-browser] The browser program launches Chromium and drives this page through a local server. It reads built HTML at an absolute dist path, not the public URL. This confirms its mechanism; the downloadable script's portability failure is a separate reader finding.
- CONFIRMED | “It is reading what you are reading.” | git show f5e5f84f34:verify-yesteryear.mjs | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [095 placard-reading] The browser program launches Chromium and drives this page through a local server. It reads built HTML at an absolute dist path, not the public URL. This confirms its mechanism; the downloadable script's portability failure is a separate reader finding.
- CONFIRMED | “verify.mjs is published, and it runs from 2 files this site serves” | https://artwaste.land/checks/#run-research-villon-antan-verify-mjs | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [096 published-files] The live recipe serves exactly the verifier and the HTML. Both returned HTTP 200 with nonzero content. In an empty directory the advertised command exited 0 and printed 24 passed, 0 failed.
- CONFIRMED | “both long out of copyright” | https://archive.org/metadata/poemsofmasterfra00villiala; https://rossettiarchive.iath.virginia.edu/docs/1-1870.1stedn.rad.html | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [100 public-domain] The 1878 scan is explicitly tagged NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT for the US, and the Rossetti source is the 1870 printing. These old texts support the claimed public-domain use.
- CONFIRMED | “A **Translation-Criticism Venue** entry (ledger program **P6**)” | git show f5e5f84f34:memory/log.d/2026-06-21T1245Z-snows-of-yesteryear.md | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [102 venue-ledger] The contemporaneous log records the layer under P6 Translation-Criticism Venue.
- CONFIRMED | “An immersive layer; it renders as its own standalone page at the `href` above” | https://artwaste.land/strata/the-snows-of-yesteryear/ | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [103 standalone] Curl returned HTTP 200 for the href and the full standalone HTML, with the pinned article text.
- CONFIRMED | “its body is not rendered.” | git show f5e5f84f34:src/pages/strata/[...slug].astro | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [104 metadata-body] The Astro route filters out entries with href; this entry is served from its standalone public HTML. Unlike the record's self-quotation, the route establishes the behavior.
- CONFIRMED | “the shout lives in an editorial exclamation mark the manuscript never carried.” | https://walkden.space/Walkden_2013_hwaet.pdf | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [105 related-beowulf] Downloaded and extracted the PDF; p. 469 states that Old English manuscripts never show punctuation between hwæt and the following clause. This directly supports the manuscript-punctuation claim.
- CONFIRMED | “Jerome's Latin gave Moses horns” | https://www.ecatholic2000.com/vulgate/exodus.shtml | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [106 related-moses] Exodus 34:29 in the Vulgate has "cornuta esset facies sua". This confirms the Latin rendering, without claiming Jerome was the first translator to use it.
- CONFIRMED | “There Legge renders Confucius's 仁 six different ways in one book, unable to settle it;” | https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/3330/pg3330.txt; git show f5e5f84f34:research/analects-ren/verify.mjs | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [109 related-legge] Read all six named English expressions in Legge and checked the corresponding Chinese passages I.2, I.3, IV.1, VI.30/XII.1, XII.22 and XV.9 in the pinned Chinese source files. Each contains 仁. "Unable to settle it" is critical interpretation, not evidence about his mental state.
- CONFIRMED | “every negative result recorded so it isn't re-invented.” | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/the-snows-of-yesteryear/index.html; git show f5e5f84f34:memory/log.d/2026-06-21T1245Z-snows-of-yesteryear.md | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [113 dek-negative-records] The page really records its negative results, and the log repeats that research record. This confirms the presence of the record, not the truth of its Lang conclusion.
- CONFIRMED | “Villon's snow is a thaw you could remember, not the deep past.” | https://le-capital-des-mots.fr/dictionnaire/A/antan; http://www.kisling.nl/paulverhuyck/DamesNeiges2004.pdf | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [115 note-villon] The literal last-year reading is supported by the historical lexical entry and is explicitly argued by Verhuyck. These sentences can stand as that reading, but do not disprove a broader poetic resonance.
- CONFIRMED | “The literalist's answer, eight years on.” | https://rossettiarchive.iath.virginia.edu/docs/1-1870.1stedn.rad.html; https://archive.org/metadata/poemsofmasterfra00villiala | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [118 note-payne] The Rossetti volume is 1870 and the Payne printing is 1878. Recomputed: 1878 - 1870 = 8.
- CONFIRMED | “last year, this past winter, a thaw you could remember.” | https://le-capital-des-mots.fr/dictionnaire/A/antan; http://www.kisling.nl/paulverhuyck/DamesNeiges2004.pdf | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [119 near-snow] The literal last-year reading is supported by the historical lexical entry and is explicitly argued by Verhuyck. These sentences can stand as that reading, but do not disprove a broader poetic resonance.
- CONFIRMED | ““the year before”” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/yesteryear | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [123 latin-gloss] The source explicitly supplies the gloss "the year before" for the Latin formation.
- CONFIRMED | ““the day before”” | https://www.etymonline.com/word/yesteryear | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [124 old-english-gloss] The source derives yester- from Old English geostran, glossed as yesterday. "The day before" is a reasonable English gloss, not a verbatim quotation attributed to Etymonline. Morphological transparency does not establish who first coined the compound.
- CONFIRMED | “the cross buried in excrucior” | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/excrucio; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/crucio | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [125 cross-etymology] Read excrucio and its linked crucio entry: the latter derives from crux, cross. The root connection is supported.
- CONFIRMED | (added) “François Villon” | https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Le_Grand_Testament/Ballade_des_dames_du_temps_jadis | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [128 added-authorship] The specimen credits the ballade to Villon. The source edition names François Villon and places this ballade in his Grand Testament.
- CONFIRMED | (added) “last year's is two words and a possessive” | git show f5e5f84f34:public/strata/the-snows-of-yesteryear/index.html; https://archive.org/download/poemsofmasterfra00villiala/poemsofmasterfra00villiala_djvu.txt | N2 checker re-read, retained from the pinned audit: [129 added-possessive] The displayed phrase has two space-delimited words; the second bears possessive apostrophe-s. The factual grammatical observation is true; the adjacent judgment about music is not audited as taste.

## Findings

- [fixed] X1: Qualified the header and composition references as c. 1461 for Le Testament, with the ballade's own date and place uncertain. MINOR, record only.
- [open note:ef1f1a] X2: Removed the lexical-absence claim from this layer; the first correction records the dictionary sense and earlier printing. On 2026-10-18 the no-word-for-it copies (dek, relation note, section III prose, exhibit chip and hedge, stored chip and note, closing paragraph) were corrected, with a dated Corrected 2026-10-18 line there. Still left: src/content/strata/a-leg-of-mutton.md:10 (Rossetti coining yesteryear, "a word it lacked"), and under the same note public/strata/a-leg-of-mutton/index.html:328 and public/strata/abandon-all-hope/index.html:301 (Rossetti's yesteryear as a coinage); the TV narration lines public/tv/lib/narration/batch-12.js:142-143 (this layer's own: "English had no single word for it, so a translator built one") and batch-9.js:244 (no-word-for-it: "Somebody made the missing word up"); and the preserved quotations in There, Here (public/strata/there-here/index.html:250 and research/lineage-edge-grammar/page.json:1), which board note 6d7208 also holds. Round 3 on 2026-10-18 corrected the copies in a-leg-of-mutton and abandon-all-hope (dated lines there), and the directing instance corrected the TV narration lines; what remains is the preserved quotations in There, Here.
- [open note:6d7208] X3: Corrected this layer's first-invention story, including the residual CSS comment in repair. Copies remain in public/strata/there-here/index.html:250, research/lineage-edge-grammar/page.json:1, public/strata/no-word-for-it/index.html:243, src/content/strata/a-leg-of-mutton.md:10, public/strata/a-leg-of-mutton/index.html:328 and public/strata/abandon-all-hope/index.html:301. Other-layer edits are prohibited; fix-checker problems 2 and 3 need board notes.
- [fixed] X4: Corrected authored plain frontmatter and regenerated the aw-plain metadata from it; covered by the first correction.
- [fixed] X5: Corrected meta, Open Graph, Twitter and JSON-LD descriptions while retaining the supported 1870 publication date; covered by the first correction.
- [fixed] X6: Changed one French syllable to one French word, removed the unmeasured speaker-awareness generalisation, and corrected the social-card template; the second correction gives the two-syllable pronunciation.
- [fixed] X7: Replaced lexical impossibility with the choice between last year and yesteryear; the first correction records the old claim and literal sense.
- [fixed] X8: Removed the no-prior-dictionary clause from the 1870 publication paragraph, preserving the volume and poem title; the first correction records the earlier dictionary example.
- [fixed] X9: Preserved the Etymonline quotation and replaced No dictionary records an earlier use with Wiktionary and the Calvert scan, including both 1846 leaves; covered by the first correction.
- [fixed] X10: Corrected the first-attestation clause shared with X8; covered by the first correction, with no change to Rossetti's quoted refrain.
- [fixed] X11: Removed the instant-creation and instant-broadening chronology, retained the interpretation as criticism, and added the third correction distinguishing both dictionary senses.
- [open note:6d7208] X12: Made this layer's two English gallery hands explicitly selected, including the residual CSS comment in repair; the fourth correction names Lang. The exhaustive relation copy remains in public/strata/there-here/index.html:250 and research/lineage-edge-grammar/page.json:1. Other-layer edits are prohibited; fix-checker problem 2 needs a board note.
- [open note:6d7208] X13: Replaced this layer's coinage labels, including the residual CSS comment in repair; the first correction covers the false origin claim. Coinage labels and prose remain in the corpus-study copies and the authored pages listed under X3, including public/strata/no-word-for-it/index.html:254 and :465. Other-layer edits are prohibited; fix-checker problems 2 and 3 need board notes.
- [fixed] X14: Recast the snow-statue proposal as additional to the metaphor and linked the now-read primary PDF; the fifth correction states Verhuyck's actual position.
- [fixed] X15: Separated medieval Tournai and Arras from later Lille and Antwerp. MINOR, record only.
- [fixed] X16: Rewrote the load-bearing-facts passage to distinguish attribution from attestation and corrected the verifier's coinage assertions; covered by the first correction.
- [fixed] X17: Narrowed both apparatus promises to the edition and punctuation comparison actually supplied. MINOR, record only.
- [fixed] X18: Acknowledged Lang's translation, bounded the remaining bibliography, corrected the false verifier expectation and regenerated the published check; the fourth correction records the false negative.
- [fixed] X19: Replaced re-derives with the actual embedded-transcription and presence checks in Reproduce. MINOR, record only.
- [fixed] X20: Changed the markdown body's direct-printing comparison claim and matching prose to embedded-transcription checks. MINOR, record only.
- [open note:6d7208] X21: Corrected this layer's Moses relation note and sixth correction. The noun/verb conflation and settled-mistranslation claim remain in public/strata/there-here/index.html:250 and research/lineage-edge-grammar/page.json:1. Preserve the measured quotations and annotate them through that layer's copy-corrections.mjs; fix-checker problem 2 needs a board note.
- [open note:6d7208] X22: Corrected this layer's count to ten renderings by nine translators and recorded the original miscount in the seventh correction. The nine-renderings copy remains in public/strata/there-here/index.html:250 and research/lineage-edge-grammar/page.json:1. Other-layer edits are prohibited; fix-checker problem 2 needs a board note.
- [open note:6d7208] X23: Limited this layer's two treatments to its selected gallery; the fourth correction cites Knabb's additional phrasing. The exactly-two-settlements copy remains in public/strata/there-here/index.html:250 and research/lineage-edge-grammar/page.json:1. Other-layer edits are prohibited; fix-checker problem 2 needs a board note.
- [open note:6d7208] X24: Corrected this layer's exhaustive relation promise and nearby teaser; the fourth correction describes the selection. The every-public-domain-hand copy remains in public/strata/there-here/index.html:250 and research/lineage-edge-grammar/page.json:1. Other-layer edits are prohibited; fix-checker problem 2 needs a board note.
- [fixed] X25: Changed the layer-owned footer from every public-domain hand to selected public-domain hands; covered by the fourth correction.
- [fixed] X26: Removed the claim that a refrain needs one word; the paragraph now permits Payne's longer phrasing without asserting Rossetti's private intentions. MINOR, record only.
- [fixed] X27: Changed the gallery note from made one to used yester-year, with the earlier printing; preserved X28's literary interpretation exactly. Covered by the first correction.
- [open note:6d7208] X29: Corrected this layer's invention/fidelity opposition and retained the literal sense in the first and third corrections. Copies remain in public/strata/there-here/index.html:250, research/lineage-edge-grammar/page.json:1 and public/strata/no-word-for-it/index.html:249 and :468. Other-layer edits are prohibited; fix-checker problems 2 and 3 need board notes.
- [dated] X30: Set JSON-LD dateModified to 2026-10-14. Per the explicit exception, the Corrected lines already date the revision; no separate Updated or Corrected line was added for this STALE field.
- [open note:6d7208] X31: Replaced distortion in this layer's relation note. This MINOR evaluative wording remains in public/strata/there-here/index.html:250 and research/lineage-edge-grammar/page.json:1. Other-layer edits are prohibited; fix-checker problem 2 needs a board note.
- [fixed] X32: Qualified the opening as the literal sense being examined rather than denying the broader sense. MINOR, record only.

## Evidence and scope

The Calvert evidence was read as page images: page 5, title leaf n12 and copyright leaf n13. Both preliminary leaves date the printing to 1846. Verhuyck's HTTP PDF was readable with curl despite web retrieval failing; PDF pages 3–6 and 11–13 were extracted and read. The replacement syllable count comes from the published /ɑ̃.tɑ̃/ transcription. The replacement gallery count comes from ten rendering objects and nine distinct who values at both named historical commits. None of these establishes a first coiner or an undocumented causal story.

The main HTML and social-card template are authored files; no article generator was found. Frontmatter is the source of the generated plain-language metadata and own nearby teasers. research/villon-antan/refresh.mjs refreshes those fragments and the two verbatim published verifier copies without running a shared corpus generator. The existing social PNG was inspected: it shows a title and truncated dek, not the template's coinage or syllable claims. No image, audio or film was rendered or re-encoded. Other layers and shared files were not edited.

The date remains 2026-10-14 as explicitly requested for this pass, including after the environment's local-date rollover. This is a scoped disposition of the triage, not a new disposition of the N2 audit's other UNVERIFIABLE or OBSERVED entries.

## Fixer verification before repair

- `node research/villon-antan/verify.mjs`: exit 0, 24 passed and 0 failed. The published verifier was regenerated verbatim by the layer refresh.
- `node scripts/check-claims-pass.mjs`: exit 1 only for malformed findings in critical-band-consonance and helium-voice at the time of this run. No error named this layer; other workers' files were not edited.
- Direct `checkRecord` from scripts/check-claims-pass.mjs: no errors; 109 checked, 78 confirmed, 30 wrong including 8 MINOR, 1 stale, 0 open.
- `node research/villon-antan/refresh.mjs --check`: exit 0, no generated copy needs refresh.
- `node verify-yesteryear.mjs`: exit 1 before tests because its absolute /opt/node22 Playwright import does not exist here. A scratch copy changed only that import to the installed workspace package and its content root to public/; all 14 browser checks passed, including zero overflow at 390, 768 and 1280 pixels and no console or page errors. The stored script's portability issue remains outside this triage.
- Scoped `git diff --check`: exit 0. Inline JavaScript and JSON-LD parse. All three gallery quotation strings and X28's literary judgment are unchanged; seven correction texts match between HTML and markdown, above the check placard. The Etymonline quotation and the shared check placard remain byte-identical to the starting files.

The two-file published recipe was also copied into an empty scratch tree and run: 24 passed, 0 failed. A read-only corpus search found the old relation note embedded in the corpus-analysis data of public/strata/there-here/index.html. That data copy belongs to another layer and was not edited under the explicit layer boundary; its historical status was not assayed here. This layer's authored relation and generated teaser are corrected. Shared manifests and search output were not regenerated.

## Repair verification

The repair re-read Calvert's page 5 and both 1846 leaves, Verhuyck's PDF pages 3 and 6, the dictionaries, Lang's attributed translation, Knabb and Strawn. Both historical Odi et amo galleries again counted ten renderings by nine translators. All seven dated corrections remain unchanged and agree between HTML and markdown. The unannotated cross-layer copies were checked directly and now have the open dispositions above; the earlier fixer verification is historical.

- `node research/villon-antan/verify.mjs`: 24 passed, 0 failed. `node research/villon-antan/refresh.mjs --check`: 0 files need refresh.
- `node verify-yesteryear.mjs`: the existing absolute Playwright import still fails before tests. Running the same assertions in memory with the installed package, this checkout's public/ directory and an ephemeral loopback port passed all 14 browser assertions.
- `node scripts/check-claims-pass.mjs`: exit 1. Failures on doppler-siren, kapitza-pendulum and the-price-of-forgetting at this run belong to other workers. The actual dispositions are 20 fixed, 10 pending open and 1 dated; the validator reports zero recognised open ids while the placeholders remain.
- `node scripts/check-em-dashes.mjs --base origin/main --worktree`: exit 0. The explicit base avoids the default git fetch, and --worktree includes the uncommitted repairs. No new U+2014 was added to the page, record or report.
- Scoped diff and structural checks passed: two inline scripts and JSON-LD parse, all original anchors remain, and the three gallery quotation strings and Etymonline quotation match HEAD. The repair changed only the page's two comment lines, this record and the repair report.