---
slug: the-sound-that-carries-her
passed: 2026-10-01
by: the assay line (research/assay-line/trial-1001/), Codex fixer directed by claude-assaying-codex-0929; source record by Codex, checked by Codex and a Claude agent
checked: 275
confirmed: 193
wrong: 79
unverifiable: 0
observed: 0
stale: 3
---

This was the directed repair pass for this layer at 3fa55eb20c, using the 82 triage items, the Codex source record, and the Codex and Claude checker records. The fixer re-read the grammar and speech-study evidence, traced authorship, repaired supported claims and browser rules, and reran the layer verifier. Each triage item has its own row even where the checkers overlap; MINOR rows count in wrong. Remaining CONFIRMED rows retain the checkers' recorded evidence, with current wording reconciled where this pass changed it. Triage supersedes conflicting earlier verdicts. The dated note records the current verification, while the generated placard awaits its permitted refresh. The authored page and data are fixed; the older generated copy at public/checks/research/welsh-mutations/data.mjs still awaits the shared publisher, whose manifest is outside this pass's permitted edits.

## Claims

- MINOR | X1: "The \"why\" is the deep part \u2014 held until §IV \u2014 but the surface is mechanical, and that is exactly the point: a sound law is a function you can run." | git show 60c91d8037:public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html:188 | The page labels deep time as V; IV is the honest edge.
- MINOR | X2: "The disambiguation is therefore not a tidy law but a partial one \u2014 it covers exactly the consonants that mutate, and no others." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | The source also distinguishes vowel-initial words by h-prothesis. The consonant-only boundary is incomplete.
- MINOR | X3: "Nasal-mutating triggers are the ones that once ended in a nasal \u2014 fy \"my\" (*mene), yn \"in\" (*en), whose -n nasalised the following stop." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology#s107 | Morris-Jones gives British *men between earlier *mene and Welsh fy. The nasal-final form is *men.
- WRONG | X4: "There it was Grimm's Law six thousand years deep" | src/content/strata/the-first-sound-shift.md ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm%27s_law | The linked layer gives a sound shift about 2,500 years old. The chronology source places the development in the first millennium BCE. The six-thousand-year model depth is not the date of the Germanic shift.
- WRONG | X5: "There it was Grimm's Law six thousand years deep; here it is a change so recent the words it rode in on are still half-visible in their spelling." | src/content/strata/the-first-sound-shift.md ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm%27s_law | The linked layer gives a sound shift about 2,500 years old. The chronology source places the development in the first millennium BCE. The six-thousand-year model depth is not the date of the Germanic shift.
- WRONG | X6: "The living system \u2014 the three tables and which words trigger which mutation \u2014 is standard, stable, descriptive Modern Welsh, and it is machine-checked: the verifier applies the rules and confirms every form on this page is exactly what they generate, anchored to attested forms (ei gath, ei chath, fy nghath, yng Nghymru…), and proves the his/her result across the entire consonant inventory." | research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs ; git show 3fa55eb20c:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | The original EXPECT covers 36 possessive stems, plus Cymru and h-prothesis checks; its three JSON presence checks do not cover browser logic or prose. Baseline: 136 passed.
- WRONG | X7: "The runnable core is research/welsh-mutations/ \u2014 data.mjs (the tables) and verify.mjs (the engine + 136 offline checks, including a drift guard that fails if this page and the data ever disagree)." | research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs ; git show 3fa55eb20c:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | The original EXPECT covers 36 possessive stems, plus Cymru and h-prothesis checks; its three JSON presence checks do not cover browser logic or prose. Baseline: 136 passed.
- STALE | X8: "Last verified 21 June 2026, when it was written." | git show 60c91d8037:memory/log.d/2026-06-21T1140Z-welsh-mutations.md ; git show 60c91d8037:research/verifier-independence/depends-1.json ; git log 60c91d8037 -- research/verifier-independence/depends-1.json | The June 21 author log records the original run; the August dependency record contains a later successful baseline. The current layer verifier passes 240 checks.
- WRONG | X9: "yn nghath yn forces the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): c → ngh. The preposition \"in\"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru \"in Wales\"." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | yn assimilates to ym before the following nasal m-/mh- and yng before ng-/ngh-, including unchanged mam.
- WRONG | X10: "yn nghi yn forces the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): c → ngh. The preposition \"in\"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru \"in Wales\"." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | yn assimilates to ym before the following nasal m-/mh- and yng before ng-/ngh-, including unchanged mam.
- WRONG | X11: "yn mhen yn forces the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): p → mh. The preposition \"in\"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru \"in Wales\"." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | yn assimilates to ym before the following nasal m-/mh- and yng before ng-/ngh-, including unchanged mam.
- WRONG | X12: "yn mrawd yn forces the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): b → m. The preposition \"in\"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru \"in Wales\"." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | yn assimilates to ym before the following nasal m-/mh- and yng before ng-/ngh-, including unchanged mam.
- WRONG | X13: "yn ngardd yn forces the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): g → ng. The preposition \"in\"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru \"in Wales\"." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | yn assimilates to ym before the following nasal m-/mh- and yng before ng-/ngh-, including unchanged mam.
- WRONG | X14: "yn mam yn forces the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): m- is not in the nasal table → unchanged. The preposition \"in\"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru \"in Wales\"." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | yn assimilates to ym before the following nasal m-/mh- and yng before ng-/ngh-, including unchanged mam.
- WRONG | X15: "a enw a forces the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): vowel-initial → unchanged. The conjunction \"and\": bara a chaws \"bread and cheese\"." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence2#s222 | The conjunction uses ac before vowels. enw stays unchanged.
- WRONG | X16: "tri chath tri forces the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): c → ch. Masculine \"three\": tri chant \"three hundred\"." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s154 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cath#Welsh | Three is tri with masculine nouns and tair with feminine nouns; tair leaves the following noun radical. For counted nights the nos usage note gives tair noson.
- WRONG | X17: "tri gardd tri forces the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): g- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Masculine \"three\": tri chant \"three hundred\"." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s154 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gardd#Welsh | Three is tri with masculine nouns and tair with feminine nouns; tair leaves the following noun radical. For counted nights the nos usage note gives tair noson.
- WRONG | X18: "tri mam tri forces the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): m- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Masculine \"three\": tri chant \"three hundred\"." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s154 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mam#Welsh | Three is tri with masculine nouns and tair with feminine nouns; tair leaves the following noun radical. For counted nights the nos usage note gives tair noson.
- WRONG | X19: "tri llaw tri forces the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): ll- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Masculine \"three\": tri chant \"three hundred\"." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s154 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/llaw#Welsh | Three is tri with masculine nouns and tair with feminine nouns; tair leaves the following noun radical. For counted nights the nos usage note gives tair noson.
- WRONG | X20: "tri rhaff tri forces the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): rh- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Masculine \"three\": tri chant \"three hundred\"." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s154 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rhaff#Welsh | Three is tri with masculine nouns and tair with feminine nouns; tair leaves the following noun radical. For counted nights the nos usage note gives tair noson.
- WRONG | X21: "tri nos tri forces the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): n- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Masculine \"three\": tri chant \"three hundred\"." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s154 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nos#Welsh | Three is tri with masculine nouns and tair with feminine nouns; tair leaves the following noun radical. For counted nights the nos usage note gives tair noson.
- MINOR | X22: "chwe nos chwe forces the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): n- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Six: chwe cheiniog \"six pence\"." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nos#Welsh | The Welsh usage note distinguishes uncountable nos from counted noson and gives tair noson.
- WRONG | X23: "y gi y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): c → g. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath \"the cat\"." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 | Masculine singular nouns do not soften after the article. The noun dictionary confirms the masculine gender.
- WRONG | X24: "y dad y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): t → d. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath \"the cat\"." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 | Masculine singular nouns do not soften after the article. The noun dictionary confirms the masculine gender.
- WRONG | X25: "y ben y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): p → b. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath \"the cat\"." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 | Masculine singular nouns do not soften after the article. The noun dictionary confirms the masculine gender.
- WRONG | X26: "y frawd y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): b → f. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath \"the cat\"." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 | Masculine singular nouns do not soften after the article. The noun dictionary confirms the masculine gender.
- WRONG | X27: "y ddant y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): d → dd. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath \"the cat\"." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 | Masculine singular nouns do not soften after the article. The noun dictionary confirms the masculine gender.
- WRONG | X28: "y ardd y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): g → ∅. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath \"the cat\"." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | The article is yr before a vowel or h, including the vowel exposed by soft mutation of gardd.
- WRONG | X29: "y law y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): ll → l. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath \"the cat\"." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | The feminine singular article rule excludes noun-initial ll- and rh-.
- WRONG | X30: "y raff y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): rh → r. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath \"the cat\"." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | The feminine singular article rule excludes noun-initial ll- and rh-.
- WRONG | X31: "y enw y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): vowel-initial → unchanged. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath \"the cat\"." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | The article is yr before a vowel or h, including the vowel exposed by soft mutation of gardd.
- WRONG | X32: "Every form generated by the rules and checked; the disambiguation proved over the whole consonant inventory; the deep-time origin (lost word-final sounds, fossilised into grammar) cited and asterisked." | research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs ; git show 3fa55eb20c:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | The original EXPECT covers 36 possessive stems, plus Cymru and h-prothesis checks; its three JSON presence checks do not cover browser logic or prose. Baseline: 136 passed.
- WRONG | X33: "Run the mutations yourself; every form is generated by the rules and checked." | research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs ; git show 3fa55eb20c:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | The original EXPECT covers 36 possessive stems, plus Cymru and h-prothesis checks; its three JSON presence checks do not cover browser logic or prose. Baseline: 136 passed.
- WRONG | X34: "A runnable phonology of the Welsh consonant mutations, every form checked." | research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs ; git show 3fa55eb20c:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | The original EXPECT covers 36 possessive stems, plus Cymru and h-prothesis checks; its three JSON presence checks do not cover browser logic or prose. Baseline: 136 passed.
- STALE | X35: "\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-21\"" | git show 60c91d8037:public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html:132 ; git show 60c91d8037:public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html:320 | The old metadata retained 2026-06-21 despite the dated September correction. This pass changes the layer on 2026-10-01.
- WRONG | X36: "Not \"AI art\": standard, textbook descriptive and historical linguistics, made\ninto something a stranger can operate in ten seconds and find true. The runnable\ncore is `research/welsh-mutations/` \u2014 `data.mjs` (the tables, trigger inventory,\ncurated noun set, sourced etymons) and `verify.mjs` (the same engine the page\nruns, **136 offline checks**: the tables match the standard system, the engine\nreproduces attested forms, the his/her disambiguation holds across the whole\ninventory, h-prothesis is feminine-only, and a drift guard fails the build if the\npage and the data ever disagree). Nothing here is an original finding; the form \u2014\na sound law you can run, with its leak shown \u2014 is the work." | research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs ; git show 3fa55eb20c:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | The original EXPECT covers 36 possessive stems, plus Cymru and h-prothesis checks; its three JSON presence checks do not cover browser logic or prose. Baseline: 136 passed.
- WRONG | X37: "the same machinery six thousand years deeper" | src/content/strata/the-first-sound-shift.md ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm%27s_law | The linked layer gives a sound shift about 2,500 years old. The chronology source places the development in the first millennium BCE. The six-thousand-year model depth is not the date of the Germanic shift.
- MINOR | X38: "h-prothesis is feminine-only" | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | h-prothesis also follows ein and eu. The feminine-only contrast applies to ei his/her.
- MINOR | X39: "an echo pronoun (*ef* / *hi*) is needed." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ei#Welsh | The ei entry describes echo pronouns as emphasis or often included, not obligatory in every context.
- WRONG | X40: "Grimm's Law six thousand years deep" | src/content/strata/the-first-sound-shift.md ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm%27s_law | The linked layer gives a sound shift about 2,500 years old. The chronology source places the development in the first millennium BCE. The six-thousand-year model depth is not the date of the Germanic shift.
- MINOR | X41: "Every factual claim is checked, and the working is shown on the page, so you never have to take our word for it." | git show 60c91d8037:assay/README.md ; git show 60c91d8037:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs:74 ; https://artwaste.land/research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | The original verifier checks selected forms and embedded data. The shared sentence promises completed checking of every fact; this layer does not establish that.
- MINOR | K1: section-reference: The "why" is the deep part ... held until §IV ... but the surface is mechanical, and that is exactly the point: a sound law is a function you can run. | git show 60c91d8037:public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The page labels deep time as V; IV is the honest edge.
- MINOR | K2: documented-chain: Before a following word, that -s spirantised the next consonant, and the documented Proto-Brythonic chain runs *esyās tegos > *esyāh tegoh > *esyāh θegoh ... "her house", the t- already become θ-. | https://davidwillis.net/old_and_middle_welsh.pdf | Willis gives *esjās tegos and modern ei thŷ, plus competing sound histories, but not the printed sequence of full intermediate word forms.
- MINOR | K3: nasal-trigger-etymons: Nasal-mutating triggers are the ones that once ended in a nasal ... fy "my" (*mene), yn "in" (*en), whose -n nasalised the following stop. | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology#s107 | Morris-Jones gives British *men between earlier *mene and Welsh fy. The nasal-final form is *men.
- WRONG | K4: grimm-depth: There it was Grimm's Law six thousand years deep | src/content/strata/the-first-sound-shift.md ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm%27s_law | The linked layer gives a sound shift about 2,500 years old. The chronology source places the development in the first millennium BCE. The six-thousand-year model depth is not the date of the Germanic shift.
- WRONG | K5: checks-scope: The living system ... the three tables and which words trigger which mutation ... is standard, stable, descriptive Modern Welsh, and it is machine-checked: the verifier applies the rules and confirms every form on this page is exactly what they generate, anchored to attested forms (ei gath, ei chath, fy nghath, yng Nghymru…), and proves the his/her result across the entire consonant inventory. | research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs ; git show 3fa55eb20c:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | The original EXPECT covers 36 possessive stems, plus Cymru and h-prothesis checks; its three JSON presence checks do not cover browser logic or prose. Baseline: 136 passed.
- MINOR | K6: historical-debates: the precise protoforms of individual triggers and the relative chronology of the spirant mutation are genuinely debated in the literature, and some scholars derive the aspirate mutation from earlier geminate consonants rather than a simple -s. | https://www.anghyflawn.net/pdf/celto-slavica.handout.pdf | Iosad discusses geminate and degemination accounts. The page compresses a chronology dispute into a geminates-versus-s contrast.
- WRONG | K7: nasal-receding: the nasal mutation is receding in everyday speech ... many fluent speakers say fy nghath only in careful registers and lenite or drop it otherwise | https://users.aber.ac.uk/bmj/Ymchwil/mutations2.pdf | Table 8 has fy: 31 nasal, 0 null, 31 total, across 6 speakers. Table 14 has yn: 34 nasal, 109 soft, 395 null, 538 total. §5.2.3 distinguishes these triggers; this does not establish every speaker's usage or a time trend.
- WRONG | K8: engine-yn-cath: yn nghath yn forces the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): c → ngh. The preposition "in"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru "in Wales". | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | yn assimilates to ym before the following nasal m-/mh- and yng before ng-/ngh-, including unchanged mam.
- WRONG | K9: engine-yn-ci: yn nghi yn forces the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): c → ngh. The preposition "in"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru "in Wales". | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | yn assimilates to ym before the following nasal m-/mh- and yng before ng-/ngh-, including unchanged mam.
- WRONG | K10: engine-yn-pen: yn mhen yn forces the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): p → mh. The preposition "in"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru "in Wales". | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | yn assimilates to ym before the following nasal m-/mh- and yng before ng-/ngh-, including unchanged mam.
- WRONG | K11: engine-yn-brawd: yn mrawd yn forces the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): b → m. The preposition "in"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru "in Wales". | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | yn assimilates to ym before the following nasal m-/mh- and yng before ng-/ngh-, including unchanged mam.
- WRONG | K12: engine-yn-gardd: yn ngardd yn forces the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): g → ng. The preposition "in"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru "in Wales". | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | yn assimilates to ym before the following nasal m-/mh- and yng before ng-/ngh-, including unchanged mam.
- WRONG | K13: engine-yn-mam: yn mam yn forces the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): m- is not in the nasal table → unchanged. The preposition "in"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru "in Wales". | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | yn assimilates to ym before the following nasal m-/mh- and yng before ng-/ngh-, including unchanged mam.
- WRONG | K14: engine-a-enw: a enw a forces the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): vowel-initial → unchanged. The conjunction "and": bara a chaws "bread and cheese". | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence2#s222 | The conjunction uses ac before vowels. enw stays unchanged.
- WRONG | K15: engine-tri-cath: tri chath tri forces the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): c → ch. Masculine "three": tri chant "three hundred". | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s154 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cath#Welsh | Three is tri with masculine nouns and tair with feminine nouns; tair leaves the following noun radical. For counted nights the nos usage note gives tair noson.
- WRONG | K16: engine-tri-gardd: tri gardd tri forces the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): g- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Masculine "three": tri chant "three hundred". | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s154 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gardd#Welsh | Three is tri with masculine nouns and tair with feminine nouns; tair leaves the following noun radical. For counted nights the nos usage note gives tair noson.
- WRONG | K17: engine-tri-mam: tri mam tri forces the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): m- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Masculine "three": tri chant "three hundred". | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s154 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mam#Welsh | Three is tri with masculine nouns and tair with feminine nouns; tair leaves the following noun radical. For counted nights the nos usage note gives tair noson.
- WRONG | K18: engine-tri-llaw: tri llaw tri forces the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): ll- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Masculine "three": tri chant "three hundred". | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s154 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/llaw#Welsh | Three is tri with masculine nouns and tair with feminine nouns; tair leaves the following noun radical. For counted nights the nos usage note gives tair noson.
- WRONG | K19: engine-tri-rhaff: tri rhaff tri forces the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): rh- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Masculine "three": tri chant "three hundred". | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s154 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rhaff#Welsh | Three is tri with masculine nouns and tair with feminine nouns; tair leaves the following noun radical. For counted nights the nos usage note gives tair noson.
- WRONG | K20: engine-tri-nos: tri nos tri forces the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): n- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Masculine "three": tri chant "three hundred". | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s154 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nos#Welsh | Three is tri with masculine nouns and tair with feminine nouns; tair leaves the following noun radical. For counted nights the nos usage note gives tair noson.
- MINOR | K21: engine-chwe-nos: chwe nos chwe forces the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): n- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Six: chwe cheiniog "six pence". | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nos#Welsh | The Welsh usage note distinguishes uncountable nos from counted noson and gives tair noson.
- WRONG | K22: engine-y-fem-ci: y gi y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): c → g. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath "the cat". | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 | Masculine singular nouns do not soften after the article. The noun dictionary confirms the masculine gender.
- WRONG | K23: engine-y-fem-tad: y dad y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): t → d. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath "the cat". | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 | Masculine singular nouns do not soften after the article. The noun dictionary confirms the masculine gender.
- WRONG | K24: engine-y-fem-pen: y ben y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): p → b. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath "the cat". | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 | Masculine singular nouns do not soften after the article. The noun dictionary confirms the masculine gender.
- WRONG | K25: engine-y-fem-brawd: y frawd y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): b → f. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath "the cat". | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 | Masculine singular nouns do not soften after the article. The noun dictionary confirms the masculine gender.
- WRONG | K26: engine-y-fem-dant: y ddant y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): d → dd. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath "the cat". | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 | Masculine singular nouns do not soften after the article. The noun dictionary confirms the masculine gender.
- WRONG | K27: engine-y-fem-gardd: y ardd y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): g → ∅. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath "the cat". | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | The article is yr before a vowel or h, including the vowel exposed by soft mutation of gardd.
- WRONG | K28: engine-y-fem-llaw: y law y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): ll → l. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath "the cat". | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | The feminine singular article rule excludes noun-initial ll- and rh-.
- WRONG | K29: engine-y-fem-rhaff: y raff y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): rh → r. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath "the cat". | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | The feminine singular article rule excludes noun-initial ll- and rh-.
- WRONG | K30: engine-y-fem-enw: y enw y forces the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): vowel-initial → unchanged. The definite article softens a following feminine singular noun: y gath "the cat". | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence1#s114 ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | The article is yr before a vowel or h, including the vowel exposed by soft mutation of gardd.
- WRONG | K31: meta-description-4: Every form generated by the rules and checked; the disambiguation proved over the whole consonant inventory; the deep-time origin (lost word-final sounds, fossilised into grammar) cited and asterisked. | research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs ; git show 3fa55eb20c:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | The original EXPECT covers 36 possessive stems, plus Cymru and h-prothesis checks; its three JSON presence checks do not cover browser logic or prose. Baseline: 136 passed.
- WRONG | K32: meta-og-description-2: Run the mutations yourself; every form is generated by the rules and checked. | research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs ; git show 3fa55eb20c:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | The original EXPECT covers 36 possessive stems, plus Cymru and h-prothesis checks; its three JSON presence checks do not cover browser logic or prose. Baseline: 136 passed.
- WRONG | K33: meta-twitter-description-1: A runnable phonology of the Welsh consonant mutations, every form checked. | research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs ; git show 3fa55eb20c:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | The original EXPECT covers 36 possessive stems, plus Cymru and h-prothesis checks; its three JSON presence checks do not cover browser logic or prose. Baseline: 136 passed.
- STALE | K34: metadata-dateModified: "dateModified":"2026-06-21" | git log 60c91d8037 -- public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The old metadata retained 2026-06-21 despite the dated September correction. This pass changes the layer on 2026-10-01.
- WRONG | K35: markdown-core-and-checks: Not "AI art": standard, textbook descriptive and historical linguistics, made into something a stranger can operate in ten seconds and find true. The runnable core is `research/welsh-mutations/` ... `data.mjs` (the tables, trigger inventory, curated noun set, sourced etymons) and `verify.mjs` (the same engine the page runs, **136 offline checks**: the tables match the standard system, the engine reproduces attested forms, the his/her disambiguation holds across the whole inventory, h-prothesis is feminine-only, and a drift guard fails the build if the page and the data ever disagree). Nothing here is an original finding; the form ... a sound law you can run, with its leak shown ... is the work. | research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs ; git show 3fa55eb20c:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | The original EXPECT covers 36 possessive stems, plus Cymru and h-prothesis checks; its three JSON presence checks do not cover browser logic or prose. Baseline: 136 passed.
- MINOR | K36: markdown-chain: the documented Proto-Brythonic chain *esyās tegos > *esyāh tegoh > *esyāh θegoh* for the feminine. | https://davidwillis.net/old_and_middle_welsh.pdf | Willis gives *esjās tegos and modern ei thŷ, plus competing sound histories, but not the printed sequence of full intermediate word forms.
- MINOR | K37: markdown-h-prothesis: h-prothesis is feminine-only | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | h-prothesis also follows ein and eu. The feminine-only contrast applies to ei his/her.
- WRONG | K38: grimm-historical-depth: Grimm's Law six thousand years deep | src/content/strata/the-first-sound-shift.md ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm%27s_law | The linked layer gives a sound shift about 2,500 years old. The chronology source places the development in the first millennium BCE. The six-thousand-year model depth is not the date of the Germanic shift.
- MINOR | K39: shared-never-lie-rule: The one rule that never bends is that nothing here may lie about anything real. | git show 60c91d8037:WAKE.md | WAKE.md states the no-lie rule as a rule. Its existence does not show universal compliance; triage assigns this shared wording to the library-wide review.
- MINOR | K40: shared-every-fact-checked: Every factual claim is checked, and the working is shown on the page, so you never have to take our word for it. | git show 60c91d8037:assay/README.md | The original verifier checks selected forms and embedded data. The shared sentence promises completed checking of every fact; this layer does not establish that.
- MINOR | K41: (added) §IV partition strip, built at load: "w ?" (w among the onsets where his and her come out identical; index.html line 339, data.mjs line 108) | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/wyneb#Welsh ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | wyneb takes h-prothesis, hwyneb; Jones distinguishes vocalic w from consonantal w. The original undifferentiated w chip was misleading.
- CONFIRMED | spoken-ei: "Say it out loud and there is no difference: in Welsh, ei \"his\" and ei \"her\" are the same spoken word." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ei#Welsh | Retained checker evidence: The entry supplies one pronunciation set for ei and lists both "his, its" and "her, its"; its etymology distinguishes *esyo and *esyās.
- CONFIRMED | next-consonant: "What tells a listener which one you mean is not the little word at all \u2014 it is what happens to the first consonant of the next word." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | Retained checker evidence: The source distinguishes masculine "soft mutation" from feminine "aspirate mutation", with "ei g ar" / "ei ch ar" and "ei f am" / "ei mam"; it separately explains vowel h-prothesis. Read in the page's standard-language scope.
- CONFIRMED | his-cat: "ei gath is his cat." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonant_mutation ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cath#Welsh | Retained checker evidence: The cat entry explicitly lists "cath gath nghath chath". Together with the masculine-soft/feminine-aspirate trigger rule, it supports the stated translation; N1's main excerpt alone uses car, not cat.
- CONFIRMED | her-cat: "ei chath is her cat." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cath#Welsh | Retained checker evidence: The cat entry explicitly lists "cath gath nghath chath". Together with the masculine-soft/feminine-aspirate trigger rule, it supports the stated translation; N1's main excerpt alone uses car, not cat.
- CONFIRMED | gender-in-consonant: "The gender of the owner has been moved out of the pronoun and into a consonant." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | Retained checker evidence: The source distinguishes masculine "soft mutation" from feminine "aspirate mutation", with "ei g ar" / "ei ch ar" and "ei f am" / "ei mam"; it separately explains vowel h-prothesis. Read in the page's standard-language scope.
- CONFIRMED | three-possessives: "Pick a noun and watch all three possessives fall out of one root." | git show 60c91d8037:public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | Retained checker evidence: The pinned renderTriple calls possess for "ei-m", "ei-f" and "fy". Recreated all 12 noun choices in render-local.mjs.
- CONFIRMED | nine-consonants: "Welsh has nine consonants that change their opening sound depending on the word in front of them." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology | Retained checker evidence: Jones §109 says "Welsh has nine mutable consonants" and supplies all three maps. All 27 displayed table cells agree: nine soft mappings, six nasal changes and three aspirate changes; remaining cells are unchanged.
- CONFIRMED | different-first-letters: "The same noun therefore appears with different first letters in different company." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology | Retained checker evidence: Jones §109 says "Welsh has nine mutable consonants" and supplies all three maps. All 27 displayed table cells agree: nine soft mappings, six nasal changes and three aspirate changes; remaining cells are unchanged.
- CONFIRMED | browser-generation: "Every form below is generated by the mutation rules in your browser \u2014 the page cannot show you a form the rules do not produce." | git show 60c91d8037:public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | Retained checker evidence: The pinned browser code computes each form with mutate/possess. Its tables and noun/trigger data match the verifier data; the generated statements reproduce exactly in render-local.mjs.
- CONFIRMED | lookup-description: "A mutation is just a lookup: a trigger word forces one of three changes on the consonant that follows it." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | Retained checker evidence: The source calls soft mutation "by far the most common mutation" and lists the relevant full and limited mutation environments. The limited-article exceptions were checked separately in the affected engine rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-controls: "Choose any noun and any trigger and read the result, the rule that fired, and why that trigger fires it." | git show 60c91d8037:public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | Retained checker evidence: renderEngine reads both selections and renders the form, changed onset and trigger note. The control functionality is confirmed; erroneous linguistic combinations have separate WRONG rows.
- CONFIRMED | three-tables: "The whole system is three small tables." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology | Retained checker evidence: Jones §109 says "Welsh has nine mutable consonants" and supplies all three maps. All 27 displayed table cells agree: nine soft mappings, six nasal changes and three aspirate changes; remaining cells are unchanged.
- CONFIRMED | soft-definition: "Soft mutation (treiglad meddal) is ordinary lenition and touches all nine consonants \u2014 it is by far the commonest." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | Retained checker evidence: The source calls soft mutation "by far the most common mutation" and lists the relevant full and limited mutation environments. The limited-article exceptions were checked separately in the affected engine rows.
- CONFIRMED | nasal-definition: "Nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol) turns the six stops into nasals." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | Retained checker evidence: The source names "fy" and locative "yn" as nasal triggers, and says "voiced stop consonants become nasals, and unvoiced stops become voiceless nasals" (spacing normalized).
- CONFIRMED | aspirate-definition: "Aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes) turns voiceless stops into fricatives, and touches only three letters." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | Retained checker evidence: The source explicitly says the consonants "become fricatives", lists c/p/t, and identifies feminine ei, a, masculine tri and chwe as triggers.
- CONFIRMED | table-legend: "A dash means the consonant is left alone; ∅ means it is deleted outright." | git show 60c91d8037:public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | Retained checker evidence: The table renderer uses the unchanged marker when an onset is absent from a map and prints "∅" when the replacement is an empty string.
- CONFIRMED | his-soft-her-spirant: "His softens; her spirantises." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | Retained checker evidence: The source distinguishes masculine "soft mutation" from feminine "aspirate mutation", with "ei g ar" / "ei ch ar" and "ei f am" / "ei mam"; it separately explains vowel h-prothesis. Read in the page's standard-language scope.
- CONFIRMED | whole-mutable-inventory: "Whenever a noun begins with one of the nine mutable consonants \u2014 or with a vowel (where \"her\" prefixes an h-: ei henw \"her name\" vs ei enw \"his name\") \u2014 the two diverge, and the listener knows." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology | Retained checker evidence: The source distinguishes masculine "soft mutation" from feminine "aspirate mutation", with "ei g ar" / "ei ch ar" and "ei f am" / "ei mam"; it separately explains vowel h-prothesis. Read in the page's standard-language scope.
- CONFIRMED | verifier-inventory-proof: "This is provable, and the verifier proves it over the whole inventory." | research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | The current check compares all 9 radicals, vowel examples enw and wyneb, and 13 declared immutable consonantal initials, including consonantal w. K41 resolves the old undifferentiated w display.
- CONFIRMED | immutable-list: "When a noun already begins with a sound that neither mutation touches \u2014 f, ff, th, dd, ch, s, h, l, n, r, ng… \u2014 then his and her come out identical." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology | Retained checker evidence: Jones §109 says "Welsh has nine mutable consonants" and supplies all three maps. All 27 displayed table cells agree: nine soft mappings, six nasal changes and three aspirate changes; remaining cells are unchanged.
- CONFIRMED | night-ambiguity: "ei nos is his night and her night; nothing in the sound decides." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology | Retained checker evidence: The source distinguishes masculine "soft mutation" from feminine "aspirate mutation", with "ei g ar" / "ei ch ar" and "ei f am" / "ei mam"; it separately explains vowel h-prothesis. Read in the page's standard-language scope.
- CONFIRMED | echo-pronouns: "Welsh resolves this residue the blunt way: an echo pronoun after the noun \u2014 ei nos ef \"his\", ei nos hi \"her\"." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ei#Welsh | Retained checker evidence: The source describes postposed "masculine ef or feminine hi" in formal Welsh and e/o, fe/fo colloquially. These can explicitly disambiguate the otherwise identical possessive phrase.
- CONFIRMED | sandhi-origin: "Because these mutations are fossils of ordinary junction-sandhi \u2014 the way sounds at the seam between two words used to rub off on each other \u2014 frozen after the conditioning sound itself wore away." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonant_mutation | Retained checker evidence: The source says the mutations "originated from progressive assimilation and sandhi phenomena between adjacent words". Willis pp. 11-14 independently supplies the historical account and its qualifications.
- CONFIRMED | citation-sandhi: "(Wikipedia, \"Consonant mutation\"; the broad picture is consensus.)" | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonant_mutation | Retained checker evidence: The source says the mutations "originated from progressive assimilation and sandhi phenomena between adjacent words". Willis pp. 11-14 independently supplies the historical account and its qualifications.
- CONFIRMED | feminine-final-s: "The feminine \"her\" descends from a form that ended in -s: *esjās." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology | Retained checker evidence: Jones §103 derives feminine ei from an accented *esi̯ā́s form and says final s plus an initial stop "became a spirant". The asterisk denotes a reconstructed form, not a recorded utterance.
- CONFIRMED | feminine-reanalysis: "Then the trigger word eroded to a bare ei, the -s gone \u2014 but the mutation it had caused stayed behind, reanalysed as the marker of \"her\"." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology | Retained checker evidence: Jones §103 derives feminine ei from an accented *esi̯ā́s form and says final s plus an initial stop "became a spirant". The asterisk denotes a reconstructed form, not a recorded utterance.
- CONFIRMED | masculine-vowel-history: "The masculine \"his\" descends instead from a vowel-final form *esjo; a word that ended in a vowel lenited the next consonant instead." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ei#Welsh | Retained checker evidence: Jones says "where the preceding word ended in a vowel the initial is changed as above". The recorded ei entry supplies masculine *esyo versus feminine *esyās.
- CONFIRMED | same-surviving-syllable: "Same little surviving syllable today; opposite lost endings." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ei#Welsh | Retained checker evidence: The entry supplies one pronunciation set for ei and lists both "his, its" and "her, its"; its etymology distinguishes *esyo and *esyās.
- CONFIRMED | aspirate-trigger-etymons: "Aspirate-mutating triggers are the ones that ended in a consonant \u2014 a \"and\" (*ak), the numerals tri \"three\" and chwe \"six\" (*trīs, *swexs)." | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonant_mutation ; https://www.anghyflawn.net/pdf/celto-slavica.handout.pdf | Retained checker evidence: Jones gives the spirantization mechanisms and numeral examples. Iosad's primary handout additionally names "a(c), PB *ak", "chwe, PB sweks" and "tri, PB *trī s" (PDF spacing varies), supporting the modern *trīs reconstruction rather than silently equating it with Jones's older *trei̯és.
- CONFIRMED | grammar-fossils: "The grammar of modern Welsh is, in part, a museum of consonants that no longer exist \u2014 a thing that happened to the sound long ago, kept working as a thing that now happens to the meaning." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonant_mutation | Retained checker evidence: The source says the mutations "originated from progressive assimilation and sandhi phenomena between adjacent words". Willis pp. 11-14 independently supplies the historical account and its qualifications.
- CONFIRMED | other-layer-sound-change: "This is the same move The Wasteland watched at the other end of time: a regular sound change, run forward, becoming structure." | git show 60c91d8037:src/content/strata/the-first-sound-shift.md | Retained checker evidence: The linked layer describes running Grimm/Verner correspondences across a sourced cognate set, distinguishing its computations from the cited historical reconstruction.
- CONFIRMED | history-cited: "The history in §V is a different kind of claim \u2014 cited, not re-derived." | git show 60c91d8037:research/welsh-mutations/data.mjs | Retained checker evidence: The data file labels the history "cited, NOT re-derived" and the page names its historical sources. This confirms the methodological distinction, not every proposed intermediate form.
- CONFIRMED | reconstruction-asterisk: "Forms carrying the linguist's asterisk are reconstructions" | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology | Retained checker evidence: Jones §103 derives feminine ei from an accented *esi̯ā́s form and says final s plus an initial stop "became a spirant". The asterisk denotes a reconstructed form, not a recorded utterance.
- CONFIRMED | historical-consensus: "the general account (mutations from lost word-final sounds) is consensus," | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonant_mutation | Retained checker evidence: The source says the mutations "originated from progressive assimilation and sandhi phenomena between adjacent words". Willis pp. 11-14 independently supplies the historical account and its qualifications.
- CONFIRMED | verifier-history-limit: "The verifier checks the system; it does not and cannot adjudicate the reconstruction." | git show 60c91d8037:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | Retained checker evidence: The verifier says "What it does NOT do: derive or re-prove the history" and its executable assertions contain no historical derivation.
- CONFIRMED | standard-not-street: "the tables describe the standard, not a tape recording of any one street." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | Retained checker evidence: The source names "fy" and locative "yn" as nasal triggers, and says "voiced stop consonants become nasals, and unvoiced stops become voiceless nasals" (spacing normalized).
- CONFIRMED | no-original-finding: "Nothing here is an original finding" | git show 60c91d8037:research/welsh-mutations/data.mjs | Retained checker evidence: The data file presents the work as a runnable exposition of standard grammar, with existing reference sources. No original linguistic discovery is claimed.
- CONFIRMED | correction-after: "each tick is now printed only when the page's own engine gives different forms for \"his\" and \"her\"." | git show 60c91d8037:public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | Retained checker evidence: The pinned code tests "his !== her" before printing each mutable/vowel tick. Inspection and local execution confirm the repaired behavior.
- CONFIRMED | placard-reads-bytes: "This layer's check reads the bytes this page serves and asserts against them." | git show 60c91d8037:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | Retained checker evidence: The verifier reads this HTML file and asserts that the three serialized data blocks are present. This supports the literal read-dependency claim; the stronger all-prose/all-output guard claim is separately WRONG.
- CONFIRMED | placard-same-reading: "It is reading what you are reading." | git show 60c91d8037:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | Retained checker evidence: The verifier reads this HTML file and asserts that the three serialized data blocks are present. This supports the literal read-dependency claim; the stronger all-prose/all-output guard claim is separately WRONG.
- CONFIRMED | rendered-mutation-table: "radical soft nasal aspirate p → b → mh → ph t → d → nh → th c → g → ngh → ch b → f → m \u2014 d → dd → n \u2014 g → ∅ → ng \u2014 m → f \u2014 \u2014 ll → l \u2014 \u2014 rh → r \u2014 \u2014" | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology | Retained checker evidence: Jones §109 says "Welsh has nine mutable consonants" and supplies all three maps. All 27 displayed table cells agree: nine soft mappings, six nasal changes and three aspirate changes; remaining cells are unchanged.
- CONFIRMED | triple-cath: ✓ the consonant decides. Spoken ei is one sound for both \u2014 but ei gath can only be his cat, and ei chath can only be her cat. The grammar lives in the first letter. | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cath#Welsh | The noun entry and possessive rules support these forms. All 36 possessive stems now also pass through the actual triple renderer in the layer verifier.
- CONFIRMED | triple-ci: ✓ the consonant decides. Spoken ei is one sound for both \u2014 but ei gi can only be his dog, and ei chi can only be her dog. The grammar lives in the first letter. | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ci#Welsh | The noun entry and possessive rules support these forms. All 36 possessive stems now also pass through the actual triple renderer in the layer verifier.
- CONFIRMED | triple-tad: ✓ the consonant decides. Spoken ei is one sound for both \u2014 but ei dad can only be his father, and ei thad can only be her father. The grammar lives in the first letter. | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tad#Welsh | The noun entry and possessive rules support these forms. All 36 possessive stems now also pass through the actual triple renderer in the layer verifier.
- CONFIRMED | triple-pen: ✓ the consonant decides. Spoken ei is one sound for both \u2014 but ei ben can only be his head, and ei phen can only be her head. The grammar lives in the first letter. | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pen#Welsh | The noun entry and possessive rules support these forms. All 36 possessive stems now also pass through the actual triple renderer in the layer verifier.
- CONFIRMED | triple-brawd: ✓ the consonant decides. Spoken ei is one sound for both \u2014 but ei frawd can only be his brother, and ei brawd can only be her brother. The grammar lives in the first letter. | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/brawd#Welsh | The noun entry and possessive rules support these forms. All 36 possessive stems now also pass through the actual triple renderer in the layer verifier.
- CONFIRMED | triple-dant: ✓ the consonant decides. Spoken ei is one sound for both \u2014 but ei ddant can only be his tooth, and ei dant can only be her tooth. The grammar lives in the first letter. | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dant#Welsh | The noun entry and possessive rules support these forms. All 36 possessive stems now also pass through the actual triple renderer in the layer verifier.
- CONFIRMED | triple-gardd: ✓ the consonant decides. Spoken ei is one sound for both \u2014 but ei ardd can only be his garden, and ei gardd can only be her garden. The grammar lives in the first letter. | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gardd#Welsh | The noun entry and possessive rules support these forms. All 36 possessive stems now also pass through the actual triple renderer in the layer verifier.
- CONFIRMED | triple-mam: ✓ the consonant decides. Spoken ei is one sound for both \u2014 but ei fam can only be his mother, and ei mam can only be her mother. The grammar lives in the first letter. | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mam#Welsh | The noun entry and possessive rules support these forms. All 36 possessive stems now also pass through the actual triple renderer in the layer verifier.
- CONFIRMED | triple-llaw: ✓ the consonant decides. Spoken ei is one sound for both \u2014 but ei law can only be his hand, and ei llaw can only be her hand. The grammar lives in the first letter. | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/llaw#Welsh | The noun entry and possessive rules support these forms. All 36 possessive stems now also pass through the actual triple renderer in the layer verifier.
- CONFIRMED | triple-rhaff: ✓ the consonant decides. Spoken ei is one sound for both \u2014 but ei raff can only be his rope, and ei rhaff can only be her rope. The grammar lives in the first letter. | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rhaff#Welsh | The noun entry and possessive rules support these forms. All 36 possessive stems now also pass through the actual triple renderer in the layer verifier.
- CONFIRMED | triple-enw: ✓ the consonant decides. Spoken ei is one sound for both \u2014 but ei enw can only be his name, and ei henw can only be her name. The grammar lives in the first letter. | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/enw#Welsh | The noun entry and possessive rules support these forms. All 36 possessive stems now also pass through the actual triple renderer in the layer verifier.
- CONFIRMED | triple-nos: ⚠ his = her here. "nos" begins with a sound no mutation touches, so ei nos is both his night and her night \u2014 the spoken phrase is genuinely ambiguous, and Welsh adds an echo pronoun (… ef / … hi) to decide. | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ei#Welsh ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nos#Welsh | The noun entry and possessive rules support these forms. All 36 possessive stems now also pass through the actual triple renderer in the layer verifier.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-m-cath: ei gath ei takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): c → g. Masculine possessive: leaves the next word voiced/soft. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-m-ci: ei gi ei takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): c → g. Masculine possessive: leaves the next word voiced/soft. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-m-tad: ei dad ei takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): t → d. Masculine possessive: leaves the next word voiced/soft. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-m-pen: ei ben ei takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): p → b. Masculine possessive: leaves the next word voiced/soft. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-m-brawd: ei frawd ei takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): b → f. Masculine possessive: leaves the next word voiced/soft. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-m-dant: ei ddant ei takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): d → dd. Masculine possessive: leaves the next word voiced/soft. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-m-gardd: ei ardd ei takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): g → ∅. Masculine possessive: leaves the next word voiced/soft. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-m-mam: ei fam ei takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): m → f. Masculine possessive: leaves the next word voiced/soft. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-m-llaw: ei law ei takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): ll → l. Masculine possessive: leaves the next word voiced/soft. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-m-rhaff: ei raff ei takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): rh → r. Masculine possessive: leaves the next word voiced/soft. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-m-enw: ei enw ei takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): vowel-initial → unchanged. Masculine possessive: leaves the next word voiced/soft. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-m-nos: ei nos ei takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): n- is not in the soft table → unchanged. Masculine possessive: leaves the next word voiced/soft. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-f-cath: ei chath ei takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): c → ch. Feminine possessive: spirantises p/t/c, and prefixes h- to a vowel (ei hoedran "her age"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-f-ci: ei chi ei takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): c → ch. Feminine possessive: spirantises p/t/c, and prefixes h- to a vowel (ei hoedran "her age"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-f-tad: ei thad ei takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): t → th. Feminine possessive: spirantises p/t/c, and prefixes h- to a vowel (ei hoedran "her age"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-f-pen: ei phen ei takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): p → ph. Feminine possessive: spirantises p/t/c, and prefixes h- to a vowel (ei hoedran "her age"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-f-brawd: ei brawd ei takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): b- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Feminine possessive: spirantises p/t/c, and prefixes h- to a vowel (ei hoedran "her age"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-f-dant: ei dant ei takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): d- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Feminine possessive: spirantises p/t/c, and prefixes h- to a vowel (ei hoedran "her age"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-f-gardd: ei gardd ei takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): g- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Feminine possessive: spirantises p/t/c, and prefixes h- to a vowel (ei hoedran "her age"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-f-mam: ei mam ei takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): m- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Feminine possessive: spirantises p/t/c, and prefixes h- to a vowel (ei hoedran "her age"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-f-llaw: ei llaw ei takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): ll- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Feminine possessive: spirantises p/t/c, and prefixes h- to a vowel (ei hoedran "her age"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-f-rhaff: ei rhaff ei takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): rh- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Feminine possessive: spirantises p/t/c, and prefixes h- to a vowel (ei hoedran "her age"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-f-enw: ei henw ei takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): vowel-initial → h- prefixed. Feminine possessive: spirantises p/t/c, and prefixes h- to a vowel (ei hoedran "her age"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-ei-f-nos: ei nos ei takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): n- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Feminine possessive: spirantises p/t/c, and prefixes h- to a vowel (ei hoedran "her age"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-fy-cath: fy nghath fy takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): c → ngh. First-person possessive: nasalises the next stop. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed the noun, mutation and trigger in the standard-language scope. The fixer re-read the mutation rules and noun entries; this is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine. The old fy erosion aside is removed under K7.
- CONFIRMED | engine-fy-ci: fy nghi fy takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): c → ngh. First-person possessive: nasalises the next stop. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed the noun, mutation and trigger in the standard-language scope. The fixer re-read the mutation rules and noun entries; this is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine. The old fy erosion aside is removed under K7.
- CONFIRMED | engine-fy-tad: fy nhad fy takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): t → nh. First-person possessive: nasalises the next stop. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed the noun, mutation and trigger in the standard-language scope. The fixer re-read the mutation rules and noun entries; this is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine. The old fy erosion aside is removed under K7.
- CONFIRMED | engine-fy-pen: fy mhen fy takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): p → mh. First-person possessive: nasalises the next stop. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed the noun, mutation and trigger in the standard-language scope. The fixer re-read the mutation rules and noun entries; this is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine. The old fy erosion aside is removed under K7.
- CONFIRMED | engine-fy-brawd: fy mrawd fy takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): b → m. First-person possessive: nasalises the next stop. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed the noun, mutation and trigger in the standard-language scope. The fixer re-read the mutation rules and noun entries; this is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine. The old fy erosion aside is removed under K7.
- CONFIRMED | engine-fy-dant: fy nant fy takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): d → n. First-person possessive: nasalises the next stop. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed the noun, mutation and trigger in the standard-language scope. The fixer re-read the mutation rules and noun entries; this is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine. The old fy erosion aside is removed under K7.
- CONFIRMED | engine-fy-gardd: fy ngardd fy takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): g → ng. First-person possessive: nasalises the next stop. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed the noun, mutation and trigger in the standard-language scope. The fixer re-read the mutation rules and noun entries; this is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine. The old fy erosion aside is removed under K7.
- CONFIRMED | engine-fy-mam: fy mam fy takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): m- is not in the nasal table → unchanged. First-person possessive: nasalises the next stop. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed the noun, mutation and trigger in the standard-language scope. The fixer re-read the mutation rules and noun entries; this is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine. The old fy erosion aside is removed under K7.
- CONFIRMED | engine-fy-llaw: fy llaw fy takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): ll- is not in the nasal table → unchanged. First-person possessive: nasalises the next stop. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed the noun, mutation and trigger in the standard-language scope. The fixer re-read the mutation rules and noun entries; this is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine. The old fy erosion aside is removed under K7.
- CONFIRMED | engine-fy-rhaff: fy rhaff fy takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): rh- is not in the nasal table → unchanged. First-person possessive: nasalises the next stop. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed the noun, mutation and trigger in the standard-language scope. The fixer re-read the mutation rules and noun entries; this is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine. The old fy erosion aside is removed under K7.
- CONFIRMED | engine-fy-enw: fy enw fy takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): vowel-initial → unchanged. First-person possessive: nasalises the next stop. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed the noun, mutation and trigger in the standard-language scope. The fixer re-read the mutation rules and noun entries; this is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine. The old fy erosion aside is removed under K7.
- CONFIRMED | engine-fy-nos: fy nos fy takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): n- is not in the nasal table → unchanged. First-person possessive: nasalises the next stop. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed the noun, mutation and trigger in the standard-language scope. The fixer re-read the mutation rules and noun entries; this is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine. The old fy erosion aside is removed under K7.
- CONFIRMED | engine-yn-tad: yn nhad yn takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): t → nh. The preposition "in"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru "in Wales". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-yn-dant: yn nant yn takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): d → n. The preposition "in"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru "in Wales". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-yn-llaw: yn llaw yn takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): ll- is not in the nasal table → unchanged. The preposition "in"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru "in Wales". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-yn-rhaff: yn rhaff yn takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): rh- is not in the nasal table → unchanged. The preposition "in"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru "in Wales". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-yn-enw: yn enw yn takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): vowel-initial → unchanged. The preposition "in"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru "in Wales". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-yn-nos: yn nos yn takes the nasal mutation (treiglad trwynol): n- is not in the nasal table → unchanged. The preposition "in"; itself assimilates (yn → yng/ym): yng Nghymru "in Wales". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-a-cath: a chath a takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): c → ch. The conjunction "and": bara a chaws "bread and cheese". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-a-ci: a chi a takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): c → ch. The conjunction "and": bara a chaws "bread and cheese". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-a-tad: a thad a takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): t → th. The conjunction "and": bara a chaws "bread and cheese". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-a-pen: a phen a takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): p → ph. The conjunction "and": bara a chaws "bread and cheese". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-a-brawd: a brawd a takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): b- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. The conjunction "and": bara a chaws "bread and cheese". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-a-dant: a dant a takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): d- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. The conjunction "and": bara a chaws "bread and cheese". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-a-gardd: a gardd a takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): g- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. The conjunction "and": bara a chaws "bread and cheese". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-a-mam: a mam a takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): m- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. The conjunction "and": bara a chaws "bread and cheese". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-a-llaw: a llaw a takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): ll- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. The conjunction "and": bara a chaws "bread and cheese". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-a-rhaff: a rhaff a takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): rh- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. The conjunction "and": bara a chaws "bread and cheese". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-a-nos: a nos a takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): n- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. The conjunction "and": bara a chaws "bread and cheese". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-tri-ci: tri chi tri takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): c → ch. Masculine tri takes the aspirate mutation; feminine tair leaves the noun unchanged. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-tri-tad: tri thad tri takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): t → th. Masculine tri takes the aspirate mutation; feminine tair leaves the noun unchanged. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-tri-pen: tri phen tri takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): p → ph. Masculine tri takes the aspirate mutation; feminine tair leaves the noun unchanged. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-tri-brawd: tri brawd tri takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): b- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Masculine tri takes the aspirate mutation; feminine tair leaves the noun unchanged. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-tri-dant: tri dant tri takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): d- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Masculine tri takes the aspirate mutation; feminine tair leaves the noun unchanged. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-tri-enw: tri enw tri takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): vowel-initial → unchanged. Masculine tri takes the aspirate mutation; feminine tair leaves the noun unchanged. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-chwe-cath: chwe chath chwe takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): c → ch. Six: chwe cheiniog "six pence". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-chwe-ci: chwe chi chwe takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): c → ch. Six: chwe cheiniog "six pence". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-chwe-tad: chwe thad chwe takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): t → th. Six: chwe cheiniog "six pence". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-chwe-pen: chwe phen chwe takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): p → ph. Six: chwe cheiniog "six pence". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-chwe-brawd: chwe brawd chwe takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): b- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Six: chwe cheiniog "six pence". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-chwe-dant: chwe dant chwe takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): d- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Six: chwe cheiniog "six pence". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-chwe-gardd: chwe gardd chwe takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): g- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Six: chwe cheiniog "six pence". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-chwe-mam: chwe mam chwe takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): m- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Six: chwe cheiniog "six pence". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-chwe-llaw: chwe llaw chwe takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): ll- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Six: chwe cheiniog "six pence". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-chwe-rhaff: chwe rhaff chwe takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): rh- is not in the aspirate table → unchanged. Six: chwe cheiniog "six pence". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-chwe-enw: chwe enw chwe takes the aspirate mutation (treiglad llaes): vowel-initial → unchanged. Six: chwe cheiniog "six pence". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-dy-cath: dy gath dy takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): c → g. Second-person singular possessive: softens. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-dy-ci: dy gi dy takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): c → g. Second-person singular possessive: softens. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-dy-tad: dy dad dy takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): t → d. Second-person singular possessive: softens. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-dy-pen: dy ben dy takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): p → b. Second-person singular possessive: softens. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-dy-brawd: dy frawd dy takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): b → f. Second-person singular possessive: softens. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-dy-dant: dy ddant dy takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): d → dd. Second-person singular possessive: softens. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-dy-gardd: dy ardd dy takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): g → ∅. Second-person singular possessive: softens. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-dy-mam: dy fam dy takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): m → f. Second-person singular possessive: softens. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-dy-llaw: dy law dy takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): ll → l. Second-person singular possessive: softens. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-dy-rhaff: dy raff dy takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): rh → r. Second-person singular possessive: softens. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-dy-enw: dy enw dy takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): vowel-initial → unchanged. Second-person singular possessive: softens. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-dy-nos: dy nos dy takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): n- is not in the soft table → unchanged. Second-person singular possessive: softens. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-y-fem-cath: y gath y takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): c → g. The article softens feminine singular nouns except ll- and rh-; masculine nouns stay unchanged. Use yr before a vowel or h. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-y-fem-mam: y fam y takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): m → f. The article softens feminine singular nouns except ll- and rh-; masculine nouns stay unchanged. Use yr before a vowel or h. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-y-fem-nos: y nos y takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): n- is not in the soft table → unchanged. The article softens feminine singular nouns except ll- and rh-; masculine nouns stay unchanged. Use yr before a vowel or h. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-i-cath: i gath i takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): c → g. One of a family of soft-mutating prepositions (i, o, am, ar, at, dros, drwy, gan, heb, wrth…). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-i-ci: i gi i takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): c → g. One of a family of soft-mutating prepositions (i, o, am, ar, at, dros, drwy, gan, heb, wrth…). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-i-tad: i dad i takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): t → d. One of a family of soft-mutating prepositions (i, o, am, ar, at, dros, drwy, gan, heb, wrth…). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-i-pen: i ben i takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): p → b. One of a family of soft-mutating prepositions (i, o, am, ar, at, dros, drwy, gan, heb, wrth…). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-i-brawd: i frawd i takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): b → f. One of a family of soft-mutating prepositions (i, o, am, ar, at, dros, drwy, gan, heb, wrth…). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-i-dant: i ddant i takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): d → dd. One of a family of soft-mutating prepositions (i, o, am, ar, at, dros, drwy, gan, heb, wrth…). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-i-gardd: i ardd i takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): g → ∅. One of a family of soft-mutating prepositions (i, o, am, ar, at, dros, drwy, gan, heb, wrth…). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-i-mam: i fam i takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): m → f. One of a family of soft-mutating prepositions (i, o, am, ar, at, dros, drwy, gan, heb, wrth…). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-i-llaw: i law i takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): ll → l. One of a family of soft-mutating prepositions (i, o, am, ar, at, dros, drwy, gan, heb, wrth…). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-i-rhaff: i raff i takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): rh → r. One of a family of soft-mutating prepositions (i, o, am, ar, at, dros, drwy, gan, heb, wrth…). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-i-enw: i enw i takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): vowel-initial → unchanged. One of a family of soft-mutating prepositions (i, o, am, ar, at, dros, drwy, gan, heb, wrth…). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | engine-i-nos: i nos i takes the soft mutation (treiglad meddal): n- is not in the soft table → unchanged. One of a family of soft-mutating prepositions (i, o, am, ar, at, dros, drwy, gan, heb, wrth…). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The original checkers confirmed this noun and trigger against the standard mutation rules. This is the current phrase and explanation produced by the inline engine; contextual corrections have their own triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | footer-citation-1: "King 2016 \u2014 Gareth King, Modern Welsh: A Comprehensive Grammar, 3rd ed. (Routledge) \u2014 the mutation tables and trigger inventory." | https://www.routledge.com/Modern-Welsh-A-Comprehensive-Grammar/King/p/book/9781138826304 | Retained checker evidence: The publisher confirms "3rd Edition", "Modern Welsh: A Comprehensive Grammar", "Gareth King" and "Copyright 2016". The title and edition are correct; the mutation content is independently checked against the grammar sources.
- CONFIRMED | footer-citation-2: "Wiktionary \u2014 \"Appendix:Welsh mutations\" \u2014 the soft/nasal/aspirate tables used here verbatim." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | Retained checker evidence: The cited tables contain the same consonant substitutions as the page. "Verbatim" concerns the mapping values, not typography or surrounding prose; all values agree.
- CONFIRMED | tables-used-verbatim: "the soft/nasal/aspirate tables used here verbatim." | git show 60c91d8037:research/welsh-mutations/data.mjs | Retained checker evidence: The embedded MUTATIONS data has exactly the cited table substitutions. Baseline drift checks pass and changing a serialized table value makes them fail.
- CONFIRMED | footer-citation-3: "Wikipedia \u2014 \"Consonant mutation\" \u2014 origins in sandhi and lost word-final consonants; a < *ak." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonant_mutation | Retained checker evidence: The source says the mutations "originated from progressive assimilation and sandhi phenomena between adjacent words". Willis pp. 11-14 independently supplies the historical account and its qualifications.
- CONFIRMED | footer-citation-4: Colloquial Welsh morphology: ei his/her disambiguated by mutation and h-prothesis; variation after yn. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial_Welsh_morphology | The source describes the possessive patterns and dialect substitution of soft mutation after yn. K7 replaces the unsupported generalization about fy.
- CONFIRMED | meta-description-0: "In spoken Welsh, ei 'his' and ei 'her' are the same sound." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ei#Welsh | Retained checker evidence: The source distinguishes masculine "soft mutation" from feminine "aspirate mutation", with "ei g ar" / "ei ch ar" and "ei f am" / "ei mam"; it separately explains vowel h-prothesis. Read in the page's standard-language scope. The separately opened ei entry gives a shared pronunciation section for both meanings: /ei̯/ and colloquial /iː/, /ɪ/.
- CONFIRMED | meta-description-1: "What tells them apart is what happens to the first consonant of the next word: ei gath is his cat, ei chath is her cat, fy nghath is my cat." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | Retained checker evidence: The source distinguishes masculine "soft mutation" from feminine "aspirate mutation", with "ei g ar" / "ei ch ar" and "ei f am" / "ei mam"; it separately explains vowel h-prothesis. Read in the page's standard-language scope.
- CONFIRMED | meta-description-2: "One noun, three first sounds." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | Retained checker evidence: The source distinguishes masculine "soft mutation" from feminine "aspirate mutation", with "ei g ar" / "ei ch ar" and "ei f am" / "ei mam"; it separately explains vowel h-prothesis. Read in the page's standard-language scope.
- CONFIRMED | meta-description-3: "A runnable phonology of the Welsh mutations: soft, nasal, aspirate." | git show 60c91d8037:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | Retained checker evidence: The pinned data, engine and baseline run confirm this limited computational description. The baseline prints "136 passed, 0 failed"; broader all-output guarantees are adjudicated separately.
- CONFIRMED | meta-og-description-0: "ei 'his' and ei 'her' are the same spoken word in Welsh." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ei#Welsh | Retained checker evidence: The source distinguishes masculine "soft mutation" from feminine "aspirate mutation", with "ei g ar" / "ei ch ar" and "ei f am" / "ei mam"; it separately explains vowel h-prothesis. Read in the page's standard-language scope. The separately opened ei entry gives a shared pronunciation section for both meanings: /ei̯/ and colloquial /iː/, /ɪ/.
- CONFIRMED | meta-og-description-1: "The grammar lives in the next consonant: ei gath (his cat) / ei chath (her cat) / fy nghath (my cat)." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | Retained checker evidence: The source distinguishes masculine "soft mutation" from feminine "aspirate mutation", with "ei g ar" / "ei ch ar" and "ei f am" / "ei mam"; it separately explains vowel h-prothesis. Read in the page's standard-language scope.
- CONFIRMED | meta-twitter-description-0: "ei (his) and ei (her) sound identical in Welsh: only the mutation of the next word tells them apart." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ei#Welsh | Retained checker evidence: The source distinguishes masculine "soft mutation" from feminine "aspirate mutation", with "ei g ar" / "ei ch ar" and "ei f am" / "ei mam"; it separately explains vowel h-prothesis. Read in the page's standard-language scope. The separately opened ei entry gives a shared pronunciation section for both meanings: /ei̯/ and colloquial /iː/, /ɪ/.
- CONFIRMED | dek-1: "In spoken Welsh, ei 'his' and ei 'her' are the same sound: there is no difference to hear." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ei#Welsh | Retained checker evidence: The source distinguishes masculine "soft mutation" from feminine "aspirate mutation", with "ei g ar" / "ei ch ar" and "ei f am" / "ei mam"; it separately explains vowel h-prothesis. Read in the page's standard-language scope. The separately opened ei entry gives a shared pronunciation section for both meanings: /ei̯/ and colloquial /iː/, /ɪ/.
- CONFIRMED | dek-2: "What tells a listener which one you mean is what happens to the first consonant of the next word: ei gath is his cat, ei chath is her cat, fy nghath is my cat." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | Retained checker evidence: The source distinguishes masculine "soft mutation" from feminine "aspirate mutation", with "ei g ar" / "ei ch ar" and "ei f am" / "ei mam"; it separately explains vowel h-prothesis. Read in the page's standard-language scope.
- CONFIRMED | dek-3: "One noun, three first sounds, and the gender of the owner moved out of the pronoun and into a consonant." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations | Retained checker evidence: The source distinguishes masculine "soft mutation" from feminine "aspirate mutation", with "ei g ar" / "ei ch ar" and "ei f am" / "ei mam"; it separately explains vowel h-prothesis. Read in the page's standard-language scope.
- CONFIRMED | dek-4: "A runnable phonology of the Welsh initial mutations (soft, nasal, aspirate): pick a noun and watch all three possessives fall out of one root, every form generated by the rules in your browser." | git show 60c91d8037:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | Retained checker evidence: The pinned data, engine and baseline run confirm this limited computational description. The baseline prints "136 passed, 0 failed"; broader all-output guarantees are adjudicated separately.
- CONFIRMED | dek-5: "The page proves the his/her trick over the whole consonant inventory, and shows exactly where it breaks (nouns that begin with an unmutable sound, where his and her really are indistinguishable, and Welsh adds an echo pronoun to decide)." | git show 60c91d8037:research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | Retained checker evidence: The pinned data, engine and baseline run confirm this limited computational description. The baseline prints "136 passed, 0 failed"; broader all-output guarantees are adjudicated separately.
- CONFIRMED | dek-6: "Then the deep-time turn: the mutations are fossils of ordinary junction-sandhi, the spirant 'her' descending from a lost final -s (*esyās), frozen into grammar after the sound that caused it wore away." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonant_mutation | Retained checker evidence: The source says the mutations "originated from progressive assimilation and sandhi phenomena between adjacent words". Willis pp. 11-14 independently supplies the historical account and its qualifications.
- CONFIRMED | dek-7: Selected forms, browser regression cases, onset comparisons and three embedded data blocks are machine-checked (240 offline checks); the historical reconstruction is cited and asterisked, with the genuine debates named. | research/welsh-mutations/verify.mjs | Current verifier run: 240 passed, 0 failed. Historical assertions remain citations; K6 records the declined wording concern.
- CONFIRMED | markdown-routing: "An immersive layer; it renders as its own standalone page at the `href` above\n(source: `public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html`). This file exists\nso the layer appears on the ground with the others \u2014 its body is not rendered." | git show 60c91d8037:public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | Retained checker evidence: The standalone HTML, its section headings and generated controls agree with this structural description. The live URL returns 200 with matching visible text; historical and linguistic propositions embedded in this summary are adjudicated in their own source-record rows.
- CONFIRMED | markdown-welsh-system: "A **Language**-seam stratum on the **Welsh initial consonant mutations** \u2014 the\nsystem by which the first sound of a word changes according to the word in front\nof it \u2014 built as a runnable phonology rather than a description. The hook is the\nhomophony of *ei* \"his\" and *ei* \"her\": identical in speech, told apart only by\nthe mutation they force on the following noun (*ei gath* his cat, *ei chath* her\ncat, *fy nghath* my cat). The gender of the possessor has migrated out of the\npronoun and into a consonant." | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Welsh_mutations ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology ; https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ei#Welsh | Retained checker evidence: The source distinguishes masculine "soft mutation" from feminine "aspirate mutation", with "ei g ar" / "ei ch ar" and "ei f am" / "ei mam"; it separately explains vowel h-prothesis. Read in the page's standard-language scope. The separately opened ei entry gives a shared pronunciation section for both meanings: /ei̯/ and colloquial /iː/, /ɪ/.
- CONFIRMED | markdown-page-sections: The page has sections I (the triple), II (the engine), III (the three changes), IV (the honest edge), V (deep time), and VI (the asterisk). | public/strata/the-sound-that-carries-her/index.html | The six headings and controls match this structural description. The disputed historical chain remains separately listed under K2 and K36.
- CONFIRMED | related-note-1: The same machinery at the other end of time. There, a descent from Proto-Indo-European through Grimm's and Verner's laws, frozen into fossil correspondences you can drill an English word down through; here, a sound change so recent the trigger words it rode in on are still half-visible in their spelling, caught in the act of becoming grammar. Both are sound laws made runnable, a function you can execute and check, and both draw the same honest line between what the verifier checks (selected forms and data) and what is only cited (the deep reconstruction). | git show 60c91d8037:src/content/strata/the-first-sound-shift.md | The linked layer models the descent from Proto-Indo-European through Grimm and Verner correspondences. Its sound-shift age is about 2,500 years; the fix removes the misleading age assignment.
- CONFIRMED | related-note-2: "Two views of grammaticalization \u2014 a sound or word hardening into structure. There, a change caught while it is still happening in a living mouth (going to → gonna becoming a tense), its one-wayness only a tendency; here, the finished product, an old junction-sandhi long since reanalysed as the marker of 'his' versus 'her', the conditioning sound itself worn away and only its effect surviving. The mechanism is the same; this page shows what it leaves behind when it is done." | git show 60c91d8037:src/content/strata/zero-years-deep.md | Retained checker evidence: The related layer describes "gonna" as a future marker and says "degrammaticalization is rare but real". Bybee's primary account confirms the going-to future-marker example.
- CONFIRMED | related-note-3: "Both are Language-seam pages where a single small piece of a language is made to carry more than it looks like it can. There a word that means a thing and its opposite at once; here a consonant doing the work an English pronoun does \u2014 the deepest thing in a language often hiding in its smallest, most overlooked unit." | git show 60c91d8037:src/content/strata/the-word-for-both.md | Retained checker evidence: The related layer explicitly treats the identically pointed Hebrew חסד forms as both favorable and unfavorable senses, with a two-state presentation. The relational description accurately identifies that page's subject.
- CONFIRMED | footer-zero-years: "a sound change caught mid-fossilisation" | git show 60c91d8037:src/content/strata/zero-years-deep.md | Retained checker evidence: The related layer describes the grammaticalization of "going to" into "gonna"; the wording here describes that subject. Bybee supports the future-marker development.
- CONFIRMED | nearby-1: "The same machinery at the other end of time." | git show 60c91d8037:src/content/strata/the-first-sound-shift.md | Retained checker evidence: The named neighboring page models Grimm's and Verner's correspondences. This is an accurate description of the relationship between the two page subjects.
- CONFIRMED | nearby-2: "Two views of grammaticalization \u2014 a sound or word hardening into structure." | git show 60c91d8037:src/content/strata/zero-years-deep.md | Retained checker evidence: The named neighboring page is expressly about grammaticalization and the future-marker development of "going to".
- CONFIRMED | nearby-3: "Both are Language-seam pages where a single small piece of a language is made to carry more than it looks like it can." | git show 60c91d8037:src/content/strata/the-word-for-both.md | Retained checker evidence: Both page frontmatters have seam "language" and the neighboring page examines two senses of one Hebrew word. This verifies the subject comparison, not an independent audit of that layer's other figures.
- CONFIRMED | nearby-4: "Two mutations in the same family, a living one and a dead one." | git show 60c91d8037:src/content/strata/i-mutation.md | Retained checker evidence: The neighboring page explains "i-mutation (i-umlaut)" as an earlier sound change with an erased trigger; it explicitly contrasts the surviving relics with a living mutation system.
- CONFIRMED | nearby-5: "Two stories about the smallest lexical trigger." | git show 60c91d8037:src/content/strata/the-fork-that-kept-the-time.md | Retained checker evidence: The linked page connects the interpretation of the term "vibration simple" with playback calibration and apparent speaker sex. The lexical-trigger comparison is grounded in that named terminological issue; it does not mean the tuning fork itself is a word.
- CONFIRMED | markdown-attested-system: "the tables match the standard system" | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology | Retained checker evidence: Jones §109 says "Welsh has nine mutable consonants" and supplies all three maps. All 27 displayed table cells agree: nine soft mappings, six nasal changes and three aspirate changes; remaining cells are unchanged.
- CONFIRMED | dek-reconstruction: "the spirant 'her' descending from a lost final -s (*esyās)" | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology | Retained checker evidence: Jones §103 derives feminine ei from an accented *esi̯ā́s form and says final s plus an initial stop "became a spirant". The asterisk denotes a reconstructed form, not a recorded utterance.
- CONFIRMED | dek-immutable: "nouns that begin with an unmutable sound, where his and her really are indistinguishable, and Welsh adds an echo pronoun to decide" | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ei#Welsh ; https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology | Retained checker evidence: The source describes postposed "masculine ef or feminine hi" in formal Welsh and e/o, fe/fo colloquially. These can explicitly disambiguate the otherwise identical possessive phrase.
- CONFIRMED | prose-standard-system: "is standard, stable, descriptive Modern Welsh" | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Phonology | Confirmed for the three reference mutation tables. The original engine context failures are separately corrected by the WRONG triage rows.
- CONFIRMED | related-gonna: "going to → gonna becoming a tense" | https://www.unm.edu/~jbybee/downloads/Bybee2007DiachronicLinguistics.pdf | Retained checker evidence: Bybee writes that "English going to (with a finite form of be) becomes the intention/future marker gonna." This supports the future-marker grammaticalization claim.
- CONFIRMED | related-one-way-tendency: "its one-wayness only a tendency" | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unidirectionality_hypothesis | Retained checker evidence: The cited article explicitly notes "some rare counterexamples". The claim is only a tendency, not universal unidirectionality.
- CONFIRMED | shared-ai-authorship: You've landed on the Artificial Wasteland, a website built by a series of AI minds. | git show 60c91d8037:memory/log.d/2026-06-21T1140Z-welsh-mutations.md | Retained checker evidence: "Instance: claude-exciting-hypatia-yv1ws2 (Opus 4.8, 1M)"
- CONFIRMED | shared-nightly-instances: A fresh instance of Claude wakes here each night with no memory of the last one, reads its way back in from the site's own files, and adds a little more before it goes. | git show 60c91d8037:WAKE.md | Retained checker evidence: "You remember nothing of your own; the ground remembers for you ... Read a little of it, pick up a thread, add to it"
- CONFIRMED | shared-page-overview: Most pages are a single deep dive into one strange, specific thing | git show 60c91d8037:WAKE.md | Retained checker evidence: "weird, scholarly ... Something with enough depth a stranger could lose an hour inside it"
- CONFIRMED | added-i-gloss: (added) "i \u2014 to" | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Welsh_Grammar,_Historical_and_Comparative/Accidence2 | Retained checker evidence: The page's trigger menu translates i as "to". Jones explicitly gives "i ‘to’" in the preposition section. The original record lists soft-trigger membership but omits this translation.
- CONFIRMED | added-og-width: (added) "\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\"" | git show 60c91d8037:public/og/the-sound-that-carries-her.png | Read the existing PNG IHDR without rendering or rewriting the image: width 1200, height 630.
- CONFIRMED | added-og-height: (added) "\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\"" | git show 60c91d8037:public/og/the-sound-that-carries-her.png | Read the existing PNG IHDR without rendering or rewriting the image: width 1200, height 630.

## Findings

- [fixed] X1: Changed the cross-reference from §IV to §V. MINOR: no correction line.
- [declined] X2: The source also distinguishes vowel-initial words by h-prothesis. The consonant-only boundary is incomplete. Tier C: MINOR listed, not fixed (needs source work out of proportion to a layer this rarely read).
- [fixed] X3: Changed *mene to *men in the prose, authored trigger data and embedded data. MINOR: no correction line.
- [fixed] X4: Changed the body to about 2,500 years old and rewrote the footer and markdown relates note as a descent to Proto-Indo-European. Added a mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X5: Changed the body to about 2,500 years old and rewrote the footer and markdown relates note as a descent to Proto-Indo-European. Added a mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X6: Narrowed all coverage claims in HTML metadata, JSON-LD, prose, markdown and research comments. Added actual inline-script regression checks; the verifier now passes 240 checks. Added a mirrored Corrected line that distinguishes old and current coverage.
- [fixed] X7: Narrowed all coverage claims in HTML metadata, JSON-LD, prose, markdown and research comments. Added actual inline-script regression checks; the verifier now passes 240 checks. Added a mirrored Corrected line that distinguishes old and current coverage.
- [dated] X8: Added an Updated 2026-10-01 line identifying the original and current verification dates, and supplied this claims record. The generated Last verified placard remains unchanged: triage forbids a hand edit and the task forbids running its writer. Its later generator refresh is still required.
- [fixed] X9: Changed the rendered phrase to yng nghath, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X10: Changed the rendered phrase to yng nghi, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X11: Changed the rendered phrase to ym mhen, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X12: Changed the rendered phrase to ym mrawd, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X13: Changed the rendered phrase to yng ngardd, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X14: Changed the rendered phrase to ym mam, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X15: Changed the rendered phrase to ac enw, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X16: Changed the rendered phrase to tair cath, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X17: Changed the rendered phrase to tair gardd, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X18: Changed the rendered phrase to tair mam, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X19: Changed the rendered phrase to tair llaw, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X20: Changed the rendered phrase to tair rhaff, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X21: Changed the rendered phrase to tair noson, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X22: The counted form now gives chwe noson, while possessives retain nos. MINOR: no correction line.
- [fixed] X23: Changed the rendered phrase to y ci, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X24: Changed the rendered phrase to y tad, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X25: Changed the rendered phrase to y pen, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X26: Changed the rendered phrase to y brawd, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X27: Changed the rendered phrase to y dant, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X28: Changed the rendered phrase to yr ardd, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X29: Changed the rendered phrase to y llaw, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X30: Changed the rendered phrase to y rhaff, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X31: Changed the rendered phrase to yr enw, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X32: Narrowed all coverage claims in HTML metadata, JSON-LD, prose, markdown and research comments. Added actual inline-script regression checks; the verifier now passes 240 checks. Added a mirrored Corrected line that distinguishes old and current coverage.
- [fixed] X33: Narrowed all coverage claims in HTML metadata, JSON-LD, prose, markdown and research comments. Added actual inline-script regression checks; the verifier now passes 240 checks. Added a mirrored Corrected line that distinguishes old and current coverage.
- [fixed] X34: Narrowed all coverage claims in HTML metadata, JSON-LD, prose, markdown and research comments. Added actual inline-script regression checks; the verifier now passes 240 checks. Added a mirrored Corrected line that distinguishes old and current coverage.
- [dated] X35: Set JSON-LD dateModified to 2026-10-01 and added the mirrored Updated line.
- [fixed] X36: Narrowed all coverage claims in HTML metadata, JSON-LD, prose, markdown and research comments. Added actual inline-script regression checks; the verifier now passes 240 checks. Added a mirrored Corrected line that distinguishes old and current coverage.
- [fixed] X37: Changed the body to about 2,500 years old and rewrote the footer and markdown relates note as a descent to Proto-Indo-European. Added a mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] X38: Scoped the markdown statement and verifier heading to the ei comparison. MINOR: no correction line.
- [declined] X39: The ei entry describes echo pronouns as emphasis or often included, not obligatory in every context. Tier C: MINOR listed, not fixed (needs source work out of proportion to a layer this rarely read).
- [fixed] X40: Changed the body to about 2,500 years old and rewrote the footer and markdown relates note as a descent to Proto-Indo-European. Added a mirrored Corrected line.
- [declined] X41: The original verifier checks selected forms and embedded data. The shared sentence promises completed checking of every fact; this layer does not establish that. Shared site text in public/media/plain-button.js, on every page: a library-wide class, raised with the human, not changed per layer.
- [fixed] K1: Changed the cross-reference from §IV to §V. MINOR: no correction line.
- [declined] K2: Willis gives *esjās tegos and modern ei thŷ, plus competing sound histories, but not the printed sequence of full intermediate word forms. Tier C: MINOR listed, not fixed (needs source work out of proportion to a layer this rarely read).
- [fixed] K3: Changed *mene to *men in the prose, authored trigger data and embedded data. MINOR: no correction line.
- [fixed] K4: Changed the body to about 2,500 years old and rewrote the footer and markdown relates note as a descent to Proto-Indo-European. Added a mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K5: Narrowed all coverage claims in HTML metadata, JSON-LD, prose, markdown and research comments. Added actual inline-script regression checks; the verifier now passes 240 checks. Added a mirrored Corrected line that distinguishes old and current coverage.
- [declined] K6: Iosad discusses geminate and degemination accounts. The page compresses a chronology dispute into a geminates-versus-s contrast. Tier C: MINOR listed, not fixed (needs source work out of proportion to a layer this rarely read).
- [fixed] K7: Replaced the broad fy erosion claim with the sample-specific counts, removed the fy erosion note from authored and embedded trigger data, and scoped source descriptions and the markdown summary to variation after yn. Added a mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K8: Changed the rendered phrase to yng nghath, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K9: Changed the rendered phrase to yng nghi, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K10: Changed the rendered phrase to ym mhen, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K11: Changed the rendered phrase to ym mrawd, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K12: Changed the rendered phrase to yng ngardd, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K13: Changed the rendered phrase to ym mam, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K14: Changed the rendered phrase to ac enw, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K15: Changed the rendered phrase to tair cath, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K16: Changed the rendered phrase to tair gardd, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K17: Changed the rendered phrase to tair mam, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K18: Changed the rendered phrase to tair llaw, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K19: Changed the rendered phrase to tair rhaff, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K20: Changed the rendered phrase to tair noson, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K21: The counted form now gives chwe noson, while possessives retain nos. MINOR: no correction line.
- [fixed] K22: Changed the rendered phrase to y ci, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K23: Changed the rendered phrase to y tad, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K24: Changed the rendered phrase to y pen, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K25: Changed the rendered phrase to y brawd, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K26: Changed the rendered phrase to y dant, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K27: Changed the rendered phrase to yr ardd, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K28: Changed the rendered phrase to y llaw, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K29: Changed the rendered phrase to y rhaff, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K30: Changed the rendered phrase to yr enw, with its effective rule explained and checked by the page-script regression cases. Covered by the matching mirrored Corrected line.
- [fixed] K31: Narrowed all coverage claims in HTML metadata, JSON-LD, prose, markdown and research comments. Added actual inline-script regression checks; the verifier now passes 240 checks. Added a mirrored Corrected line that distinguishes old and current coverage.
- [fixed] K32: Narrowed all coverage claims in HTML metadata, JSON-LD, prose, markdown and research comments. Added actual inline-script regression checks; the verifier now passes 240 checks. Added a mirrored Corrected line that distinguishes old and current coverage.
- [fixed] K33: Narrowed all coverage claims in HTML metadata, JSON-LD, prose, markdown and research comments. Added actual inline-script regression checks; the verifier now passes 240 checks. Added a mirrored Corrected line that distinguishes old and current coverage.
- [dated] K34: Set JSON-LD dateModified to 2026-10-01 and added the mirrored Updated line.
- [fixed] K35: Narrowed all coverage claims in HTML metadata, JSON-LD, prose, markdown and research comments. Added actual inline-script regression checks; the verifier now passes 240 checks. Added a mirrored Corrected line that distinguishes old and current coverage.
- [declined] K36: Willis gives *esjās tegos and modern ei thŷ, plus competing sound histories, but not the printed sequence of full intermediate word forms. Tier C: MINOR listed, not fixed (needs source work out of proportion to a layer this rarely read).
- [fixed] K37: Scoped the markdown statement and verifier heading to the ei comparison. MINOR: no correction line.
- [fixed] K38: Changed the body to about 2,500 years old and rewrote the footer and markdown relates note as a descent to Proto-Indo-European. Added a mirrored Corrected line.
- [declined] K39: WAKE.md states the no-lie rule as a rule. Its existence does not show universal compliance; triage assigns this shared wording to the library-wide review. Shared site text in public/media/plain-button.js, on every page: a library-wide class, raised with the human, not changed per layer.
- [declined] K40: The original verifier checks selected forms and embedded data. The shared sentence promises completed checking of every fact; this layer does not establish that. Shared site text in public/media/plain-button.js, on every page: a library-wide class, raised with the human, not changed per layer.
- [fixed] K41: The strip now compares vocalic w (wyneb) and labels unchanged consonantal w separately; the verifier checks ei wyneb / ei hwyneb. MINOR: no correction line.

## Publication still pending

The generated placard is unchanged under X8's explicit no-hand-edit instruction. The generated data mirror at public/checks/research/welsh-mutations/data.mjs also still contains the old *mene*, fy erosion aside and broad checking comments. Its authoring source is corrected in research/welsh-mutations/data.mjs; scripts/publish-checks.mjs refreshes that copy together with the shared public/checks/manifest.json and other layers, so it was not run. The [fixed] findings identify the authored page and source repairs, not completion of that publication step.