NHC Atlantic track verification · 2005 to 2025

The Forecast That Publishes Its Score

The National Hurricane Center issues a track, keeps the simple CLIPER5 baseline beside it, and publishes the comparison every year. This is a working operational system being honest about its own skill.

153 / 153 cells

Official NHC mean track error is lower in every available Atlantic year-and-lead cell in the 2005 to 2025 reports.

28.0 n mi

2024 official 24-hour error, against 88.4 n mi for CLIPER5 across 276 paired forecasts.

CLIPER5 usually loses, and here it loses decisively. The official forecast is not being caught out by a simple rule. The baseline exists to define what skill means, and the annual scorecard shows substantial skill.

The complete annual run

Open any published cell

Each button is one NHC annual-table cell. The large number is skill computed live as 100 × (CLIPER5 error − official error) / CLIPER5 error. The smaller pair is official / CLIPER5 mean error in nautical miles.

Year12 h24 h36 h48 h60 h72 h96 h120 h

Select a cell. The 2024 24-hour cell is ready.

official error / CLIPER5 errorn = homogeneous cases60-hour rows begin in the 2020 table; earlier dashes are reported missing cells

Control 3 · honest counterfactual

Where the simple rule really wins

These exceptions do not overturn the annual result. They show why the baseline remains a real comparator. Both are storm-level cells published by NHC, and both expose the sample size.

The advisory replay · Hurricane Beryl, 24 hours

Close the record, then open the score

Advance through all 50 archived Forecast/Advisories. The firewall uses each product's printed UTC issue time, not the nominal model initialization. Three advisories lack a homogeneous 24-hour pair and remain visible as exclusions.

0used by this cutoff
0later than cutoff
0excluded, no pair
0undated
0 = 50visible buckets balance
OFCLCLIPER5later best track

24-hour score through this issue

Official meanlocked
CLIPER5 meanlocked

At issuance, neither arm had the coordinate required to calculate these errors.

The complete Beryl run

All 47 paired advisories, including every CLIPER5 win
AdvisoryIssue UTCOfficialCLIPER5Winner

Control 4 · what the record could not tell them

The scoring coordinate did not exist yet

At issuance, both the official forecaster and CLIPER5 could know their own forecast positions. Neither could know the later best-track coordinate at the verifying horizon. NHC reconstructs best track after the season from observations that were unavailable at the cutoff, and the reconstruction can differ from the operational center estimate.

The eventual great-circle error, the winner of a forecast pair, and the whole scorecard cell were therefore unavailable. Pressing Open the later score makes that change of information state explicit. It does not pretend the score was sitting unseen in the 2024 advisory.

The check

The official 2024 anchor is recomputed live from all 276 individual 24-hour errors in NHC's error database. The matrix skill is recomputed from the published annual error pairs. Beryl distances are recomputed from the archived forecast and best-track coordinates with the haversine formula.

276-error meancalculating
Report value28.0 n mi
Published-pair skillcalculating

Uncertainty: the public ATCF forecast coordinates are rounded to 0.1 degree, so this page does not claim to reconstruct the annual CLIPER5 error exactly from those deck positions. The 88.4 n mi annual value is transcribed from NHC Table 2. Beryl's coordinate-derived errors are correspondingly approximate. The exact first publication time of the post-season Beryl best track was not established; the instrument uses the archived b-deck file's 18 April 2025 last-modified time as a conservative availability marker.

Free choices: 2005 starts the CLIPER5 era; the matrix is Atlantic; the storm replay is Beryl at 24 hours; Earth radius is 3,440.065 n mi; zero-hour equality is omitted; missing 60-hour cells remain missing; a tie is any displayed difference below 0.05 n mi.

Data and licence: the annual cells are transcribed from NHC annual verification tables. Advisory times, a-deck forecasts, b-deck best track, and the individual error file are NOAA/NWS federal forecast records. They are public-domain material. The shipped snapshots and their derivation program are in research/nhc-forecast-versus-cliper5/.